The query parameter `var-example=value` represents the dashboard variable `example` with a value of `value`.
In this URL, the query parameter `var-example=value` represents the dashboard variable `example` with a value of `value`.
### Passing multiple values for a variable
### Multiple values for a variable
To pass multiple values, repeat the variable parameter once for each value:
@ -68,34 +78,38 @@ Grafana interprets `var-example=value1&var-example=value2` as the dashboard vari
### Example
This example in [Grafana Play](https://play.grafana.org/d/000000074/alerting?var-app=backend&var-server=backend_01&var-server=backend_03&var-interval=1h) passes the variable `server` with multiple values, and the variables `app` and `interval` with a single value each.
## Adding variables to dashboard links
Grafana can add variables to dashboard links when you generate them from a dashboard's settings. For more information and steps to add variables, refer to [Manage dashboard links](ref:manage-dashboard-links).
[This dashboard in Grafana Play](https://play.grafana.org/d/000000074/alerting?var-app=backend&var-server=backend_01&var-server=backend_03&var-interval=1h) passes the variable `server` with multiple values, and the variables `app` and `interval` with a single value each.
## Passing ad hoc filters
## Ad hoc filters
Ad hoc filters apply key/value filters to all metric queries that use a specified data source. For more information, refer to [Add ad hoc filters](ref:add-ad-hoc-filters).
Ad hoc filters apply key/value filters to all metric queries that use the specified data source. For more information, refer to [Add ad hoc filters](ref:ad-hoc-filters).
To pass an ad hoc filter as a query parameter, use the variable syntax to pass the ad hoc filter variable, and also provide the key, the operator as the value, and the value as a pipe-separated list.
To pass an ad hoc filter as a query parameter, use the variable syntax to pass the ad hoc filter variable. Then provide the key, operator, and value as a pipe-separated list.
The query parameter `var-adhoc=key|=|value` applies the ad hoc filter configured as the `adhoc` dashboard variable using the `example_key` key, the `=` operator, and the `example_value` value.
In this URL, the query parameter `var-adhoc=key|=|value` applies the ad hoc filter configured as the `adhoc` dashboard variable using the `example_key` key, the `=` operator, and the `example_value` value.
{{% admonition type="note" %}}
When sharing URLs with ad hoc filters, remember to encode the URL. In the above example, replace the pipes (`|`) with `%7C` and the equality operator (`=`) with `%3D`.
{{% /admonition %}}
{{<admonitiontype="note">}}
When sharing URLs with ad hoc filters, remember to encode the URL. In the preceding example, replace the pipes (`|`) with `%7C` and the equality operator (`=`) with `%3D`.
{{</admonition>}}
### Example
[This example in Grafana Play](https://play.grafana.org/d/000000002/influxdb-templated?orgId=1&var-datacenter=America&var-host=All&var-summarize=1m&var-adhoc=datacenter%7C%3D%7CAmerica) passes the ad hoc filter variable `adhoc` with the filter value `datacenter = America`.
[This dashboard in Grafana Play](https://play.grafana.org/d/000000002/influxdb-templated?orgId=1&var-datacenter=America&var-host=All&var-summarize=1m&var-adhoc=datacenter%7C%3D%7CAmerica) passes the ad hoc filter variable `adhoc` with the filter value `datacenter = America`.
When you create dashboard links the dashboard settings, you can have current dashboard variables included in the link by selecting that option:
## Controlling time range using the URL
{{<figuresrc="/media/docs/grafana/dashboards/screenshot-dashboard-link-variables-11.1.png"max-width="500px"alt="Dashboard link page with variables option selected">}}
To set a dashboard's time range, use the `from`, `to`, `time`, and `time.window` query parameters. Because these are not variables, they do not require the `var-` prefix. For more information, see the [Linking overview](ref:linking-overview).
For steps to add variables to dashboard links, refer to [Manage dashboard links](ref:manage-dashboard-links).
@ -264,8 +264,4 @@ Selecting the **Auto** interval schedules a refresh based on the query time rang
### Control the time range using a URL
You can control the time range of a dashboard by providing the following query parameters in the dashboard URL:
- `from`: Defines the lower limit of the time range, specified in `ms`, `epoch`, or [relative time](#relative-time-range)
- `to`: Defines the upper limit of the time range, specified in `ms`, `epoch`, or [relative time](#relative-time-range)
- `time` and `time.window`: Defines a time range from `time-time.window/2` to `time+time.window/2`. Both parameters should be specified in `ms`. For example `?time=1500000000000&time.window=10000` results in 10s time range from 1499999995000 to 1500000005000
This file is used in the following files: dashboards/build-dashboards/create-dashboard-url-variables/index.md, dashboards/use-dashboards/index.md
---
You can control the time range of a dashboard by providing the following query parameters in the dashboard URL:
- `from` - Defines the lower limit of the time range, specified in ms, epoch, or relative time.
- `to` - Defines the upper limit of the time range, specified in ms, epoch, or relative time.
- `time` and `time.window` - Defines a time range from `time-time.window/2` to `time+time.window/2`. Both parameters should be specified in `ms`. For example `?time=1500000000000&time.window=10000` results in a 10-second time range from 1499999995000 to 1500000005000`.
- `timezone` - Defines the time zone. For example `timezone=Europe/Madrid`.
Since these aren't variables, they don't require the `var-` prefix.
The following example shows a dashboard with the time range of the last five minutes:
Isabel Matwawana
1 year ago
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