Alerting: Extend PUT rule-group route to write the entire rule group rather than top-level fields only (#53078)

* Wire up to full alert rule struct

* Extract group change detection logic to dedicated file

* GroupDiff -> GroupDelta for consistency

* Calculate deltas and handle backwards compatible requests

* Separate changes and insert/update/delete as needed

* Regenerate files

* Don't touch the DB if there are no changes

* Quota checking, delete unused file

* Mark modified records as provisioned

* Validation + a couple API layer tests

* Address linter errors

* Fix issue with UID assignment and rule creation

* Propagate top level group fields to all rules

* Tests for repeated updates and versioning

* Tests for quota and provenance checks

* Fix linter errors

* Regenerate

* Factor out some shared logic

* Drop unnecessary multiple nilchecks

* Use alternative strategy for rolling UIDs on inserted rules

* Fix tests, add back nilcheck, refresh UIDs during test

* Address feedback

* Add missing nil-check

pkg/services/ngalert/api/api_provisioning.go

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ type AlertRuleService interface {
 	UpdateAlertRule(ctx context.Context, rule alerting_models.AlertRule, provenance alerting_models.Provenance) (alerting_models.AlertRule, error)
 	DeleteAlertRule(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, ruleUID string, provenance alerting_models.Provenance) error
 	GetRuleGroup(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, folder, group string) (definitions.AlertRuleGroup, error)
-	UpdateRuleGroup(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, folderUID, rulegroup string, interval int64) error
+	ReplaceRuleGroup(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, group definitions.AlertRuleGroup, userID int64, provenance alerting_models.Provenance) error
 }
 
 func (srv *ProvisioningSrv) RouteGetPolicyTree(c *models.ReqContext) response.Response {
@@ -312,8 +312,13 @@ func (srv *ProvisioningSrv) RouteGetAlertRuleGroup(c *models.ReqContext, folder
 	return response.JSON(http.StatusOK, g)
 }
 
-func (srv *ProvisioningSrv) RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(c *models.ReqContext, ag definitions.AlertRuleGroupMetadata, folderUID string, group string) response.Response {
-	err := srv.alertRules.UpdateRuleGroup(c.Req.Context(), c.OrgId, folderUID, group, ag.Interval)
+func (srv *ProvisioningSrv) RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(c *models.ReqContext, ag definitions.AlertRuleGroup, folderUID string, group string) response.Response {
+	ag.FolderUID = folderUID
+	ag.Title = group
+	err := srv.alertRules.ReplaceRuleGroup(c.Req.Context(), c.OrgId, ag, c.UserId, alerting_models.ProvenanceAPI)
+	if errors.Is(err, alerting_models.ErrAlertRuleFailedValidation) {
+		return ErrResp(http.StatusBadRequest, err, "")
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, store.ErrOptimisticLock) {
 			return ErrResp(http.StatusConflict, err, "")

pkg/services/ngalert/api/api_provisioning_test.go

@@ -299,6 +299,37 @@ func TestProvisioningApi(t *testing.T) {
 
 			require.Equal(t, 404, response.Status())
 		})
+
+		t.Run("are invalid at group level", func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Run("PUT returns 400", func(t *testing.T) {
+				sut := createProvisioningSrvSut(t)
+				rc := createTestRequestCtx()
+				insertRule(t, sut, createTestAlertRule("rule", 1))
+				group := createInvalidAlertRuleGroup()
+				group.Interval = 0
+
+				response := sut.RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(&rc, group, "folder-uid", group.Title)
+
+				require.Equal(t, 400, response.Status())
+				require.NotEmpty(t, response.Body())
+				require.Contains(t, string(response.Body()), "invalid alert rule")
+			})
+		})
+
+		t.Run("are invalid at rule level", func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Run("PUT returns 400", func(t *testing.T) {
+				sut := createProvisioningSrvSut(t)
+				rc := createTestRequestCtx()
+				insertRule(t, sut, createTestAlertRule("rule", 1))
+				group := createInvalidAlertRuleGroup()
+
+				response := sut.RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(&rc, group, "folder-uid", group.Title)
+
+				require.Equal(t, 400, response.Status())
+				require.NotEmpty(t, response.Body())
+				require.Contains(t, string(response.Body()), "invalid alert rule")
+			})
+		})
 	})
 }
 
@@ -477,6 +508,14 @@ func createInvalidAlertRule() definitions.ProvisionedAlertRule {
 	return definitions.ProvisionedAlertRule{}
 }
 
+func createInvalidAlertRuleGroup() definitions.AlertRuleGroup {
+	return definitions.AlertRuleGroup{
+		Title:    "invalid",
+		Interval: 10,
+		Rules:    []models.AlertRule{{}},
+	}
+}
+
 func createTestAlertRule(title string, orgID int64) definitions.ProvisionedAlertRule {
 	return definitions.ProvisionedAlertRule{
 		OrgID:     orgID,

pkg/services/ngalert/api/generated_base_api_provisioning.go

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func (f *ProvisioningApiHandler) RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(ctx *models.ReqContext)
 	folderUIDParam := web.Params(ctx.Req)[":FolderUID"]
 	groupParam := web.Params(ctx.Req)[":Group"]
 	// Parse Request Body
-	conf := apimodels.AlertRuleGroupMetadata{}
+	conf := apimodels.AlertRuleGroup{}
 	if err := web.Bind(ctx.Req, &conf); err != nil {
 		return response.Error(http.StatusBadRequest, "bad request data", err)
 	}

pkg/services/ngalert/api/provisioning.go

@@ -100,6 +100,6 @@ func (f *ProvisioningApiHandler) handleRouteGetAlertRuleGroup(ctx *models.ReqCon
 	return f.svc.RouteGetAlertRuleGroup(ctx, folder, group)
 }
 
-func (f *ProvisioningApiHandler) handleRoutePutAlertRuleGroup(ctx *models.ReqContext, ag apimodels.AlertRuleGroupMetadata, folder, group string) response.Response {
+func (f *ProvisioningApiHandler) handleRoutePutAlertRuleGroup(ctx *models.ReqContext, ag apimodels.AlertRuleGroup, folder, group string) response.Response {
 	return f.svc.RoutePutAlertRuleGroup(ctx, ag, folder, group)
 }

pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/api.json

@@ -3513,7 +3513,6 @@
    "$ref": "#/definitions/Duration"
   },
   "gettableAlert": {
-   "description": "GettableAlert gettable alert",
    "properties": {
     "annotations": {
      "$ref": "#/definitions/labelSet"
@@ -3569,7 +3568,6 @@
    "type": "object"
   },
   "gettableAlerts": {
-   "description": "GettableAlerts gettable alerts",
    "items": {
     "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableAlert"
    },
@@ -3735,7 +3733,6 @@
    "type": "array"
   },
   "postableSilence": {
-   "description": "PostableSilence postable silence",
    "properties": {
     "comment": {
      "description": "comment",
@@ -4183,15 +4180,15 @@
       "in": "body",
       "name": "Body",
       "schema": {
-       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
       }
      }
     ],
     "responses": {
      "200": {
-      "description": "AlertRuleGroupMetadata",
+      "description": "AlertRuleGroup",
       "schema": {
-       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
       }
      },
      "400": {

pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/definitions/provisioning_alert_rules.go

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func NewAlertRule(rule models.AlertRule, provenance models.Provenance) Provision
 //     - application/json
 //
 //     Responses:
-//       200: AlertRuleGroupMetadata
+//       200: AlertRuleGroup
 //       400: ValidationError
 
 // swagger:parameters RouteGetAlertRuleGroup RoutePutAlertRuleGroup
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ type RuleGroupPathParam struct {
 // swagger:parameters RoutePutAlertRuleGroup
 type AlertRuleGroupPayload struct {
 	// in:body
-	Body AlertRuleGroupMetadata
+	Body AlertRuleGroup
 }
 
 // swagger:model

pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/post.json

@@ -3381,6 +3381,7 @@
    "type": "object"
   },
   "alertGroup": {
+   "description": "AlertGroup alert group",
    "properties": {
     "alerts": {
      "description": "alerts",
@@ -3568,7 +3569,6 @@
    "type": "object"
   },
   "gettableAlerts": {
-   "description": "GettableAlerts gettable alerts",
    "items": {
     "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableAlert"
    },
@@ -3624,7 +3624,6 @@
    "type": "object"
   },
   "gettableSilences": {
-   "description": "GettableSilences gettable silences",
    "items": {
     "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableSilence"
    },
@@ -3735,7 +3734,6 @@
    "type": "array"
   },
   "postableSilence": {
-   "description": "PostableSilence postable silence",
    "properties": {
     "comment": {
      "description": "comment",
@@ -5923,15 +5921,15 @@
       "in": "body",
       "name": "Body",
       "schema": {
-       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
       }
      }
     ],
     "responses": {
      "200": {
-      "description": "AlertRuleGroupMetadata",
+      "description": "AlertRuleGroup",
       "schema": {
-       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+       "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
       }
      },
      "400": {

pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/spec.json

@@ -2075,15 +2075,15 @@
             "name": "Body",
             "in": "body",
             "schema": {
-              "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
             }
           }
         ],
         "responses": {
           "200": {
-            "description": "AlertRuleGroupMetadata",
+            "description": "AlertRuleGroup",
             "schema": {
-              "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroupMetadata"
+              "$ref": "#/definitions/AlertRuleGroup"
             }
           },
           "400": {
@@ -5886,6 +5886,7 @@
       }
     },
     "alertGroup": {
+      "description": "AlertGroup alert group",
       "type": "object",
       "required": [
         "alerts",
@@ -6076,7 +6077,6 @@
       "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableAlert"
     },
     "gettableAlerts": {
-      "description": "GettableAlerts gettable alerts",
       "type": "array",
       "items": {
         "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableAlert"
@@ -6134,7 +6134,6 @@
       "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableSilence"
     },
     "gettableSilences": {
-      "description": "GettableSilences gettable silences",
       "type": "array",
       "items": {
         "$ref": "#/definitions/gettableSilence"
@@ -6246,7 +6245,6 @@
       }
     },
     "postableSilence": {
-      "description": "PostableSilence postable silence",
       "type": "object",
       "required": [
         "comment",

pkg/services/ngalert/provisioning/alert_rules.go

@@ -91,15 +91,8 @@ func (service *AlertRuleService) CreateAlertRule(ctx context.Context, rule model
 			return errors.New("couldn't find newly created id")
 		}
 
-		limitReached, err := service.quotas.CheckQuotaReached(ctx, "alert_rule", &quota.ScopeParameters{
-			OrgID:  rule.OrgID,
-			UserID: userID,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to check alert rule quota: %w", err)
-		}
-		if limitReached {
-			return models.ErrQuotaReached
+		if err = service.checkLimitsTransactionCtx(ctx, rule.OrgID, userID); err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
 
 		return service.provenanceStore.SetProvenance(ctx, &rule, rule.OrgID, provenance)
@@ -167,6 +160,109 @@ func (service *AlertRuleService) UpdateRuleGroup(ctx context.Context, orgID int6
 	})
 }
 
+func (service *AlertRuleService) ReplaceRuleGroup(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, group definitions.AlertRuleGroup, userID int64, provenance models.Provenance) error {
+	if err := models.ValidateRuleGroupInterval(group.Interval, service.baseIntervalSeconds); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// If the provided request did not provide the rules list at all, treat it as though it does not wish to change rules.
+	// This is done for backwards compatibility. Requests which specify only the interval must update only the interval.
+	if group.Rules == nil {
+		listRulesQuery := models.ListAlertRulesQuery{
+			OrgID:         orgID,
+			NamespaceUIDs: []string{group.FolderUID},
+			RuleGroup:     group.Title,
+		}
+		if err := service.ruleStore.ListAlertRules(ctx, &listRulesQuery); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to list alert rules: %w", err)
+		}
+		group.Rules = make([]models.AlertRule, 0, len(listRulesQuery.Result))
+		for _, r := range listRulesQuery.Result {
+			if r != nil {
+				group.Rules = append(group.Rules, *r)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	key := models.AlertRuleGroupKey{
+		OrgID:        orgID,
+		NamespaceUID: group.FolderUID,
+		RuleGroup:    group.Title,
+	}
+	rules := make([]*models.AlertRule, len(group.Rules))
+	group = *syncGroupRuleFields(&group, orgID)
+	for i := range group.Rules {
+		rules = append(rules, &group.Rules[i])
+	}
+	delta, err := store.CalculateChanges(ctx, service.ruleStore, key, rules)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to calculate diff for alert rules: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Refresh all calculated fields across all rules.
+	delta = store.UpdateCalculatedRuleFields(delta)
+
+	if len(delta.New) == 0 && len(delta.Update) == 0 && len(delta.Delete) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return service.xact.InTransaction(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		uids, err := service.ruleStore.InsertAlertRules(ctx, withoutNilAlertRules(delta.New))
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert alert rules: %w", err)
+		}
+		for uid := range uids {
+			if err := service.provenanceStore.SetProvenance(ctx, &models.AlertRule{UID: uid}, orgID, provenance); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		updates := make([]store.UpdateRule, 0, len(delta.Update))
+		for _, update := range delta.Update {
+			// check that provenance is not changed in a invalid way
+			storedProvenance, err := service.provenanceStore.GetProvenance(ctx, update.New, orgID)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if storedProvenance != provenance && storedProvenance != models.ProvenanceNone {
+				return fmt.Errorf("cannot update with provided provenance '%s', needs '%s'", provenance, storedProvenance)
+			}
+			updates = append(updates, store.UpdateRule{
+				Existing: update.Existing,
+				New:      *update.New,
+			})
+		}
+		if err = service.ruleStore.UpdateAlertRules(ctx, updates); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update alert rules: %w", err)
+		}
+		for _, update := range delta.Update {
+			if err := service.provenanceStore.SetProvenance(ctx, update.New, orgID, provenance); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		for _, delete := range delta.Delete {
+			// check that provenance is not changed in a invalid way
+			storedProvenance, err := service.provenanceStore.GetProvenance(ctx, delete, orgID)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if storedProvenance != provenance && storedProvenance != models.ProvenanceNone {
+				return fmt.Errorf("cannot update with provided provenance '%s', needs '%s'", provenance, storedProvenance)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := service.deleteRules(ctx, orgID, delta.Delete...); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err = service.checkLimitsTransactionCtx(ctx, orgID, userID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+}
+
 // CreateAlertRule creates a new alert rule. This function will ignore any
 // interval that is set in the rule struct and fetch the current group interval
 // from database.
@@ -220,10 +316,62 @@ func (service *AlertRuleService) DeleteAlertRule(ctx context.Context, orgID int6
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot delete with provided provenance '%s', needs '%s'", provenance, storedProvenance)
 	}
 	return service.xact.InTransaction(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		err := service.ruleStore.DeleteAlertRulesByUID(ctx, orgID, ruleUID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return service.provenanceStore.DeleteProvenance(ctx, rule, rule.OrgID)
+		return service.deleteRules(ctx, orgID, rule)
+	})
+}
+
+// checkLimitsTransactionCtx checks whether the current transaction (as identified by the ctx) breaches configured alert rule limits.
+func (service *AlertRuleService) checkLimitsTransactionCtx(ctx context.Context, orgID, userID int64) error {
+	limitReached, err := service.quotas.CheckQuotaReached(ctx, "alert_rule", &quota.ScopeParameters{
+		OrgID:  orgID,
+		UserID: userID,
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to check alert rule quota: %w", err)
+	}
+	if limitReached {
+		return models.ErrQuotaReached
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// deleteRules deletes a set of target rules and associated data, while checking for database consistency.
+func (service *AlertRuleService) deleteRules(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, targets ...*models.AlertRule) error {
+	uids := make([]string, 0, len(targets))
+	for _, tgt := range targets {
+		if tgt != nil {
+			uids = append(uids, tgt.UID)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := service.ruleStore.DeleteAlertRulesByUID(ctx, orgID, uids...); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, uid := range uids {
+		if err := service.provenanceStore.DeleteProvenance(ctx, &models.AlertRule{UID: uid}, orgID); err != nil {
+			// We failed to clean up the record, but this doesn't break things. Log it and move on.
+			service.log.Warn("failed to delete provenance record for rule: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// syncRuleGroupFields synchronizes calculated fields across multiple rules in a group.
+func syncGroupRuleFields(group *definitions.AlertRuleGroup, orgID int64) *definitions.AlertRuleGroup {
+	for i := range group.Rules {
+		group.Rules[i].IntervalSeconds = group.Interval
+		group.Rules[i].RuleGroup = group.Title
+		group.Rules[i].NamespaceUID = group.FolderUID
+		group.Rules[i].OrgID = orgID
+	}
+	return group
+}
+
+func withoutNilAlertRules(ptrs []*models.AlertRule) []models.AlertRule {
+	result := make([]models.AlertRule, 0, len(ptrs))
+	for _, ptr := range ptrs {
+		if ptr != nil {
+			result = append(result, *ptr)
+		}
+	}
+	return result
 }

pkg/services/ngalert/provisioning/alert_rules_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/infra/log"
+	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/api/tooling/definitions"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/models"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/ngalert/store"
 	"github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/services/sqlstore"
@@ -35,6 +36,22 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, models.ProvenanceAPI, provenance)
 	})
 
+	t.Run("group creation should set the right provenance", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var orgID int64 = 1
+		group := createDummyGroup("group-test-1", orgID)
+		err := ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, group, 0, models.ProvenanceAPI)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		readGroup, err := ruleService.GetRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, "my-namespace", "group-test-1")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotEmpty(t, readGroup.Rules)
+		for _, rule := range readGroup.Rules {
+			_, provenance, err := ruleService.GetAlertRule(context.Background(), orgID, rule.UID)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.Equal(t, models.ProvenanceAPI, provenance)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("alert rule group should be updated correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
 		var orgID int64 = 1
 		rule := dummyRule("test#3", orgID)
@@ -52,6 +69,22 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, interval, rule.IntervalSeconds)
 	})
 
+	t.Run("group creation should propagate group title correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var orgID int64 = 1
+		group := createDummyGroup("group-test-3", orgID)
+		group.Rules[0].RuleGroup = "something different"
+
+		err := ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, group, 0, models.ProvenanceAPI)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		readGroup, err := ruleService.GetRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, "my-namespace", "group-test-3")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotEmpty(t, readGroup.Rules)
+		for _, rule := range readGroup.Rules {
+			require.Equal(t, "group-test-3", rule.RuleGroup)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("alert rule should get interval from existing rule group", func(t *testing.T) {
 		var orgID int64 = 1
 		rule := dummyRule("test#4", orgID)
@@ -70,7 +103,7 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, interval, rule.IntervalSeconds)
 	})
 
-	t.Run("updating a rule group should bump the version number", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("updating a rule group's top level fields should bump the version number", func(t *testing.T) {
 		const (
 			orgID              = 123
 			namespaceUID       = "abc"
@@ -99,6 +132,26 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, newInterval, rule.IntervalSeconds)
 	})
 
+	t.Run("updating a group by updating a rule should bump that rule's data and version number", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var orgID int64 = 1
+		group := createDummyGroup("group-test-5", orgID)
+		err := ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, group, 0, models.ProvenanceAPI)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		updatedGroup, err := ruleService.GetRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, "my-namespace", "group-test-5")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		updatedGroup.Rules[0].Title = "some-other-title-asdf"
+		err = ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, updatedGroup, 0, models.ProvenanceAPI)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		readGroup, err := ruleService.GetRuleGroup(context.Background(), orgID, "my-namespace", "group-test-5")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NotEmpty(t, readGroup.Rules)
+		require.Len(t, readGroup.Rules, 1)
+		require.Equal(t, "some-other-title-asdf", readGroup.Rules[0].Title)
+		require.Equal(t, int64(2), readGroup.Rules[0].Version)
+	})
+
 	t.Run("alert rule provenace should be correctly checked", func(t *testing.T) {
 		tests := []struct {
 			name   string
@@ -160,6 +213,68 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("alert rule provenace should be correctly checked when writing groups", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tests := []struct {
+			name   string
+			from   models.Provenance
+			to     models.Provenance
+			errNil bool
+		}{
+			{
+				name:   "should be able to update from provenance none to api",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceNone,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceAPI,
+				errNil: true,
+			},
+			{
+				name:   "should be able to update from provenance none to file",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceNone,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceFile,
+				errNil: true,
+			},
+			{
+				name:   "should not be able to update from provenance api to file",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceAPI,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceFile,
+				errNil: false,
+			},
+			{
+				name:   "should not be able to update from provenance api to none",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceAPI,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceNone,
+				errNil: false,
+			},
+			{
+				name:   "should not be able to update from provenance file to api",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceFile,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceAPI,
+				errNil: false,
+			},
+			{
+				name:   "should not be able to update from provenance file to none",
+				from:   models.ProvenanceFile,
+				to:     models.ProvenanceNone,
+				errNil: false,
+			},
+		}
+		for _, test := range tests {
+			t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				var orgID int64 = 1
+				group := createDummyGroup(t.Name(), orgID)
+				err := ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), 1, group, 0, test.from)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+
+				group.Rules[0].Title = t.Name()
+				err = ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), 1, group, 0, test.to)
+				if test.errNil {
+					require.NoError(t, err)
+				} else {
+					require.Error(t, err)
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("quota met causes create to be rejected", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ruleService := createAlertRuleService(t)
 		checker := &MockQuotaChecker{}
@@ -170,6 +285,18 @@ func TestAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) {
 
 		require.ErrorIs(t, err, models.ErrQuotaReached)
 	})
+
+	t.Run("quota met causes group write to be rejected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ruleService := createAlertRuleService(t)
+		checker := &MockQuotaChecker{}
+		checker.EXPECT().LimitExceeded()
+		ruleService.quotas = checker
+
+		group := createDummyGroup("quota-reached", 1)
+		err := ruleService.ReplaceRuleGroup(context.Background(), 1, group, 0, models.ProvenanceAPI)
+
+		require.ErrorIs(t, err, models.ErrQuotaReached)
+	})
 }
 
 func createAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) AlertRuleService {
@@ -180,6 +307,7 @@ func createAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) AlertRuleService {
 		Cfg: setting.UnifiedAlertingSettings{
 			BaseInterval: time.Second * 10,
 		},
+		Logger: log.NewNopLogger(),
 	}
 	quotas := MockQuotaChecker{}
 	quotas.EXPECT().LimitOK()
@@ -195,6 +323,10 @@ func createAlertRuleService(t *testing.T) AlertRuleService {
 }
 
 func dummyRule(title string, orgID int64) models.AlertRule {
+	return createTestRule(title, "my-cool-group", orgID)
+}
+
+func createTestRule(title string, groupTitle string, orgID int64) models.AlertRule {
 	return models.AlertRule{
 		OrgID:           orgID,
 		Title:           title,
@@ -212,9 +344,21 @@ func dummyRule(title string, orgID int64) models.AlertRule {
 				},
 			},
 		},
-		RuleGroup:    "my-cool-group",
+		NamespaceUID: "my-namespace",
+		RuleGroup:    groupTitle,
 		For:          time.Second * 60,
 		NoDataState:  models.OK,
 		ExecErrState: models.OkErrState,
 	}
 }
+
+func createDummyGroup(title string, orgID int64) definitions.AlertRuleGroup {
+	return definitions.AlertRuleGroup{
+		Title:     title,
+		Interval:  60,
+		FolderUID: "my-namespace",
+		Rules: []models.AlertRule{
+			dummyRule(title+"-"+"rule-1", orgID),
+		},
+	}
+}

pkg/services/ngalert/provisioning/persist.go

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ type RuleStore interface {
 	InsertAlertRules(ctx context.Context, rule []models.AlertRule) (map[string]int64, error)
 	UpdateAlertRules(ctx context.Context, rule []store.UpdateRule) error
 	DeleteAlertRulesByUID(ctx context.Context, orgID int64, ruleUID ...string) error
+	GetAlertRulesGroupByRuleUID(ctx context.Context, query *models.GetAlertRulesGroupByRuleUIDQuery) error
 }
 
 // QuotaChecker represents the ability to evaluate whether quotas are met.

pkg/services/ngalert/store/deltas.go

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ func CalculateChanges(ctx context.Context, ruleReader RuleReader, groupKey model
 	var toUpdate []RuleDelta
 	loadedRulesByUID := map[string]*models.AlertRule{} // auxiliary cache to avoid unnecessary queries if there are multiple moves from the same group
 	for _, r := range submittedRules {
+		if r == nil {
+			continue
+		}
 		var existing *models.AlertRule = nil
 		if r.UID != "" {
 			if existingGroupRule, ok := existingGroupRulesUIDs[r.UID]; ok {