Avoid using ambiguous word "non-negative" in error messages.

The error messages using the word "non-negative" are confusing
because it's ambiguous about whether it accepts zero or not.
This commit improves those error messages by replacing it with
less ambiguous word like "greater than zero" or
"greater than or equal to zero".

Also this commit added the note about the word "non-negative" to
the error message style guide, to help writing the new error messages.

When postgres_fdw option fetch_size was set to zero, previously
the error message "fetch_size requires a non-negative integer value"
was reported. This error message was outright buggy. Therefore
back-patch to all supported versions where such buggy error message
could be thrown.

Reported-by: Hou Zhijie
Author: Bharath Rupireddy
Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi, Fujii Masao
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/OS0PR01MB5716415335A06B489F1B3A8194569@OS0PR01MB5716.jpnprd01.prod.outlook.com

contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c

@@ -119,7 +119,10 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "fdw_startup_cost") == 0 ||
 				 strcmp(def->defname, "fdw_tuple_cost") == 0)
 		{
-			/* these must have a non-negative numeric value */
+			/*
+			 * These must have a floating point value greater than or equal to
+			 * zero.
+			 */
 			char	   *value;
 			double		real_val;
 			bool		is_parsed;
@@ -136,7 +139,7 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			if (real_val < 0)
 				ereport(ERROR,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-						 errmsg("\"%s\" requires a non-negative floating point value",
+						 errmsg("\"%s\" must be a floating point value greater than or equal to zero",
 								def->defname)));
 		}
 		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "extensions") == 0)
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ postgres_fdw_validator(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 			if (int_val <= 0)
 				ereport(ERROR,
 						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-						 errmsg("\"%s\" requires a non-negative integer value",
+						 errmsg("\"%s\" must be an integer value greater than zero",
 								def->defname)));
 		}
 		else if (strcmp(def->defname, "password_required") == 0)

doc/src/sgml/sources.sgml

@@ -828,6 +828,16 @@ BETTER: unrecognized node type: 42
    </para>
   </formalpara>
 
+  <formalpara>
+    <title>Non-negative</title>
+   <para>
+    Avoid <quote>non-negative</quote> as it is ambiguous
+    about whether it accepts zero.  It's better to use
+    <quote>greater than zero</quote> or
+    <quote>greater than or equal to zero</quote>.
+   </para>
+  </formalpara>
+
   </simplesect>
 
   <simplesect>

src/backend/partitioning/partbounds.c

@@ -4760,11 +4760,11 @@ satisfies_hash_partition(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (modulus <= 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("modulus for hash partition must be a positive integer")));
+				 errmsg("modulus for hash partition must be an integer value greater than zero")));
 	if (remainder < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("remainder for hash partition must be a non-negative integer")));
+				 errmsg("remainder for hash partition must be an integer value greater than or equal to zero")));
 	if (remainder >= modulus)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),

src/backend/utils/adt/tsquery_op.c

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ tsquery_phrase_distance(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (distance < 0 || distance > MAXENTRYPOS)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("distance in phrase operator should be non-negative and less than %d",
+				 errmsg("distance in phrase operator must be an integer value between zero and %d inclusive",
 						MAXENTRYPOS)));
 	if (a->size == 0)
 	{

src/test/modules/test_shm_mq/test.c

@@ -57,17 +57,17 @@ test_shm_mq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (loop_count < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("repeat count size must be a non-negative integer")));
+				 errmsg("repeat count size must be an integer value greater than or equal to zero")));
 
 	/*
 	 * Since this test sends data using the blocking interfaces, it cannot
 	 * send data to itself.  Therefore, a minimum of 1 worker is required. Of
 	 * course, a negative worker count is nonsensical.
 	 */
-	if (nworkers < 1)
+	if (nworkers <= 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("number of workers must be a positive integer")));
+				 errmsg("number of workers must be an integer value greater than zero")));
 
 	/* Set up dynamic shared memory segment and background workers. */
 	test_shm_mq_setup(queue_size, nworkers, &seg, &outqh, &inqh);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ test_shm_mq_pipelined(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (loop_count < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("repeat count size must be a non-negative integer")));
+				 errmsg("repeat count size must be an integer value greater than or equal to zero")));
 
 	/*
 	 * Using the nonblocking interfaces, we can even send data to ourselves,
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ test_shm_mq_pipelined(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	if (nworkers < 0)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg("number of workers must be a non-negative integer")));
+				 errmsg("number of workers must be an integer value greater than or equal to zero")));
 
 	/* Set up dynamic shared memory segment and background workers. */
 	test_shm_mq_setup(queue_size, nworkers, &seg, &outqh, &inqh);

src/test/regress/expected/hash_part.out

@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ SELECT satisfies_hash_partition('mchash1'::regclass, 4, 0, NULL);
 ERROR:  "mchash1" is not a hash partitioned table
 -- invalid modulus
 SELECT satisfies_hash_partition('mchash'::regclass, 0, 0, NULL);
-ERROR:  modulus for hash partition must be a positive integer
+ERROR:  modulus for hash partition must be an integer value greater than zero
 -- remainder too small
 SELECT satisfies_hash_partition('mchash'::regclass, 1, -1, NULL);
-ERROR:  remainder for hash partition must be a non-negative integer
+ERROR:  remainder for hash partition must be an integer value greater than or equal to zero
 -- remainder too large
 SELECT satisfies_hash_partition('mchash'::regclass, 1, 1, NULL);
 ERROR:  remainder for hash partition must be less than modulus