mirror of https://github.com/postgres/postgres
This patch makes "simple" views automatically updatable, without the need to create either INSTEAD OF triggers or INSTEAD rules. "Simple" views are those classified as updatable according to SQL-92 rules. The rewriter transforms INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE commands on such views directly into an equivalent command on the underlying table, which will generally have noticeably better performance than is possible with either triggers or user-written rules. A view that has INSTEAD OF triggers or INSTEAD rules continues to operate the same as before. For the moment, security_barrier views are not considered simple. Also, we do not support WITH CHECK OPTION. These features may be added in future. Dean Rasheed, reviewed by Amit Kapilapull/3/head
Tom Lane
13 years ago
parent
d12d9f595e
commit
a99c42f291
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@ -0,0 +1,511 @@ |
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-- |
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-- UPDATABLE VIEWS |
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-- |
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|
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-- check that non-updatable views are rejected with useful error messages |
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|
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view1 AS SELECT DISTINCT a, b FROM base_tbl; -- DISTINCT not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view2 AS SELECT a, b FROM base_tbl GROUP BY a, b; -- GROUP BY not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view3 AS SELECT 1 FROM base_tbl HAVING max(a) > 0; -- HAVING not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view4 AS SELECT count(*) FROM base_tbl; -- Aggregate functions not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view5 AS SELECT a, rank() OVER() FROM base_tbl; -- Window functions not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view6 AS SELECT a, b FROM base_tbl UNION SELECT -a, b FROM base_tbl; -- Set ops not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view7 AS WITH t AS (SELECT a, b FROM base_tbl) SELECT * FROM t; -- WITH not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view8 AS SELECT a, b FROM base_tbl ORDER BY a OFFSET 1; -- OFFSET not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view9 AS SELECT a, b FROM base_tbl ORDER BY a LIMIT 1; -- LIMIT not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view10 AS SELECT 1 AS a; -- No base relations |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view11 AS SELECT b1.a, b2.b FROM base_tbl b1, base_tbl b2; -- Multiple base relations |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view12 AS SELECT * FROM generate_series(1, 10) AS g(a); -- SRF in rangetable |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view13 AS SELECT a, b FROM (SELECT * FROM base_tbl) AS t; -- Subselect in rangetable |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view14 AS SELECT ctid FROM base_tbl; -- System columns not supported |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view15 AS SELECT a, upper(b) FROM base_tbl; -- Expression/function in targetlist |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view16 AS SELECT a, b, a AS aa FROM base_tbl; -- Repeated column |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view17 AS SELECT * FROM ro_view1; -- Base relation not updatable |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view18 WITH (security_barrier = true) |
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AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl; -- Security barrier views not updatable |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view19 AS SELECT * FROM (VALUES(1)) AS tmp(a); -- VALUES in rangetable |
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CREATE SEQUENCE seq; |
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CREATE VIEW ro_view20 AS SELECT * FROM seq; -- View based on a sequence |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'ro_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'ro_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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|
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'ro_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view1; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view2; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view3; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view4; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view5; |
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DELETE FROM ro_view6; |
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UPDATE ro_view7 SET a=a+1; |
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UPDATE ro_view8 SET a=a+1; |
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UPDATE ro_view9 SET a=a+1; |
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UPDATE ro_view10 SET a=a+1; |
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UPDATE ro_view11 SET a=a+1; |
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UPDATE ro_view12 SET a=a+1; |
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INSERT INTO ro_view13 VALUES (3, 'Row 3'); |
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INSERT INTO ro_view14 VALUES (null); |
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INSERT INTO ro_view15 VALUES (3, 'ROW 3'); |
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INSERT INTO ro_view16 VALUES (3, 'Row 3', 3); |
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INSERT INTO ro_view17 VALUES (3, 'ROW 3'); |
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INSERT INTO ro_view18 VALUES (3, 'ROW 3'); |
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DELETE FROM ro_view19; |
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UPDATE ro_view20 SET max_value=1000; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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DROP VIEW ro_view10, ro_view12, ro_view19; |
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DROP SEQUENCE seq CASCADE; |
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|
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-- simple updatable view |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl WHERE a>0; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view1'; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view1'; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view1' |
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ORDER BY ordinal_position; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES (3, 'Row 3'); |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 (a) VALUES (4); |
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UPDATE rw_view1 SET a=5 WHERE a=4; |
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DELETE FROM rw_view1 WHERE b='Row 2'; |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) UPDATE rw_view1 SET a=6 WHERE a=5; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) DELETE FROM rw_view1 WHERE a=5; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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-- view on top of view |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT b AS bb, a AS aa FROM base_tbl WHERE a>0; |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view2 AS SELECT aa AS aaa, bb AS bbb FROM rw_view1 WHERE aa<10; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view2'; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view2'; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name = 'rw_view2' |
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ORDER BY ordinal_position; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES (3, 'Row 3'); |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 (aaa) VALUES (4); |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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UPDATE rw_view2 SET bbb='Row 4' WHERE aaa=4; |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE aaa=2; |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) UPDATE rw_view2 SET aaa=5 WHERE aaa=4; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE aaa=4; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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-- view on top of view with rules |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl WHERE a>0 OFFSET 0; -- not updatable without rules/triggers |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view2 AS SELECT * FROM rw_view1 WHERE a<10; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE RULE rw_view1_ins_rule AS ON INSERT TO rw_view1 |
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DO INSTEAD INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (NEW.a, NEW.b) RETURNING *; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE RULE rw_view1_upd_rule AS ON UPDATE TO rw_view1 |
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DO INSTEAD UPDATE base_tbl SET b=NEW.b WHERE a=OLD.a RETURNING NEW.*; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE RULE rw_view1_del_rule AS ON DELETE TO rw_view1 |
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DO INSTEAD DELETE FROM base_tbl WHERE a=OLD.a RETURNING OLD.*; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES (3, 'Row 3') RETURNING *; |
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UPDATE rw_view2 SET b='Row three' WHERE a=3 RETURNING *; |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE a=3 RETURNING *; |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) UPDATE rw_view2 SET a=3 WHERE a=2; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE a=2; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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-- view on top of view with triggers |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl WHERE a>0 OFFSET 0; -- not updatable without rules/triggers |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view2 AS SELECT * FROM rw_view1 WHERE a<10; |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into, |
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is_trigger_updatable, is_trigger_deletable, |
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is_trigger_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE FUNCTION rw_view1_trig_fn() |
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RETURNS trigger AS |
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$$ |
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BEGIN |
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IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (NEW.a, NEW.b); |
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RETURN NEW; |
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ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN |
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UPDATE base_tbl SET b=NEW.b WHERE a=OLD.a; |
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RETURN NEW; |
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ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN |
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DELETE FROM base_tbl WHERE a=OLD.a; |
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RETURN OLD; |
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END IF; |
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END; |
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$$ |
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LANGUAGE plpgsql; |
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CREATE TRIGGER rw_view1_ins_trig INSTEAD OF INSERT ON rw_view1 |
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FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into, |
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is_trigger_updatable, is_trigger_deletable, |
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is_trigger_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE TRIGGER rw_view1_upd_trig INSTEAD OF UPDATE ON rw_view1 |
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FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into, |
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is_trigger_updatable, is_trigger_deletable, |
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is_trigger_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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CREATE TRIGGER rw_view1_del_trig INSTEAD OF DELETE ON rw_view1 |
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FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
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SELECT table_name, is_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.tables |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, is_updatable, is_insertable_into, |
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is_trigger_updatable, is_trigger_deletable, |
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is_trigger_insertable_into |
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FROM information_schema.views |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name; |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_updatable |
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FROM information_schema.columns |
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WHERE table_name LIKE 'rw_view%' |
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ORDER BY table_name, ordinal_position; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES (3, 'Row 3') RETURNING *; |
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UPDATE rw_view2 SET b='Row three' WHERE a=3 RETURNING *; |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE a=3 RETURNING *; |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) UPDATE rw_view2 SET a=3 WHERE a=2; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE a=2; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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DROP FUNCTION rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
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-- update using whole row from view |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl SELECT i, 'Row ' || i FROM generate_series(-2, 2) g(i); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT b AS bb, a AS aa FROM base_tbl; |
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CREATE FUNCTION rw_view1_aa(x rw_view1) |
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RETURNS int AS $$ SELECT x.aa $$ LANGUAGE sql; |
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UPDATE rw_view1 v SET bb='Updated row 2' WHERE rw_view1_aa(v)=2 |
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RETURNING rw_view1_aa(v), v.bb; |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) |
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UPDATE rw_view1 v SET bb='Updated row 2' WHERE rw_view1_aa(v)=2 |
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RETURNING rw_view1_aa(v), v.bb; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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-- permissions checks |
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CREATE USER view_user1; |
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CREATE USER view_user2; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user1; |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl(a int, b text, c float); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (1, 'Row 1', 1.0); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT b AS bb, c AS cc, a AS aa FROM base_tbl; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES ('Row 2', 2.0, 2); |
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GRANT SELECT ON base_tbl TO view_user2; |
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GRANT SELECT ON rw_view1 TO view_user2; |
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GRANT UPDATE (a,c) ON base_tbl TO view_user2; |
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GRANT UPDATE (bb,cc) ON rw_view1 TO view_user2; |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user2; |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view2 AS SELECT b AS bb, c AS cc, a AS aa FROM base_tbl; |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; -- ok |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view1; -- ok |
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SELECT * FROM rw_view2; -- ok |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (3, 'Row 3', 3.0); -- not allowed |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES ('Row 3', 3.0, 3); -- not allowed |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES ('Row 3', 3.0, 3); -- not allowed |
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UPDATE base_tbl SET a=a, c=c; -- ok |
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UPDATE base_tbl SET b=b; -- not allowed |
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UPDATE rw_view1 SET bb=bb, cc=cc; -- ok |
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UPDATE rw_view1 SET aa=aa; -- not allowed |
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UPDATE rw_view2 SET aa=aa, cc=cc; -- ok |
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UPDATE rw_view2 SET bb=bb; -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM base_tbl; -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM rw_view1; -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2; -- not allowed |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user1; |
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GRANT INSERT, DELETE ON base_tbl TO view_user2; |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user2; |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (3, 'Row 3', 3.0); -- ok |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES ('Row 4', 4.0, 4); -- not allowed |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES ('Row 4', 4.0, 4); -- ok |
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DELETE FROM base_tbl WHERE a=1; -- ok |
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DELETE FROM rw_view1 WHERE aa=2; -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE aa=2; -- ok |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user1; |
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REVOKE INSERT, DELETE ON base_tbl FROM view_user2; |
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GRANT INSERT, DELETE ON rw_view1 TO view_user2; |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION view_user2; |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (5, 'Row 5', 5.0); -- not allowed |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES ('Row 5', 5.0, 5); -- ok |
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INSERT INTO rw_view2 VALUES ('Row 6', 6.0, 6); -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM base_tbl WHERE a=3; -- not allowed |
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DELETE FROM rw_view1 WHERE aa=3; -- ok |
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DELETE FROM rw_view2 WHERE aa=4; -- not allowed |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
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RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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DROP USER view_user1; |
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DROP USER view_user2; |
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-- column defaults |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified', c serial); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (1, 'Row 1'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (2, 'Row 2'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (3); |
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CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT a AS aa, b AS bb FROM base_tbl; |
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ALTER VIEW rw_view1 ALTER COLUMN bb SET DEFAULT 'View default'; |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES (4, 'Row 4'); |
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INSERT INTO rw_view1 (aa) VALUES (5); |
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SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
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DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
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-- Table having triggers |
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CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int PRIMARY KEY, b text DEFAULT 'Unspecified'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (1, 'Row 1'); |
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INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (2, 'Row 2'); |
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CREATE FUNCTION rw_view1_trig_fn() |
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RETURNS trigger AS |
||||
$$ |
||||
BEGIN |
||||
IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN |
||||
UPDATE base_tbl SET b=NEW.b WHERE a=1; |
||||
RETURN NULL; |
||||
END IF; |
||||
RETURN NULL; |
||||
END; |
||||
$$ |
||||
LANGUAGE plpgsql; |
||||
|
||||
CREATE TRIGGER rw_view1_ins_trig AFTER INSERT ON base_tbl |
||||
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
||||
|
||||
CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT a AS aa, b AS bb FROM base_tbl; |
||||
|
||||
INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES (3, 'Row 3'); |
||||
select * from base_tbl; |
||||
|
||||
DROP VIEW rw_view1; |
||||
DROP TRIGGER rw_view1_ins_trig on base_tbl; |
||||
DROP FUNCTION rw_view1_trig_fn(); |
||||
DROP TABLE base_tbl; |
||||
|
||||
-- view with ORDER BY |
||||
|
||||
CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int, b int); |
||||
INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (1,2), (4,5), (3,-3); |
||||
|
||||
CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl ORDER BY a+b; |
||||
|
||||
SELECT * FROM rw_view1; |
||||
|
||||
INSERT INTO rw_view1 VALUES (7,-8); |
||||
SELECT * FROM rw_view1; |
||||
|
||||
EXPLAIN (verbose, costs off) UPDATE rw_view1 SET b = b + 1 RETURNING *; |
||||
UPDATE rw_view1 SET b = b + 1 RETURNING *; |
||||
SELECT * FROM rw_view1; |
||||
|
||||
DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
||||
|
||||
-- multiple array-column updates |
||||
|
||||
CREATE TABLE base_tbl (a int, arr int[]); |
||||
INSERT INTO base_tbl VALUES (1,ARRAY[2]), (3,ARRAY[4]); |
||||
|
||||
CREATE VIEW rw_view1 AS SELECT * FROM base_tbl; |
||||
|
||||
UPDATE rw_view1 SET arr[1] = 42, arr[2] = 77 WHERE a = 3; |
||||
|
||||
SELECT * FROM rw_view1; |
||||
|
||||
DROP TABLE base_tbl CASCADE; |
||||
Loading…
Reference in new issue