mirror of https://github.com/postgres/postgres
Similarly to B-tree, GiST index access method gets support of INCLUDE attributes. These attributes aren't used for tree navigation and aren't present in non-leaf pages. But they are present in leaf pages and can be fetched during index-only scan. The point of having INCLUDE attributes in GiST indexes is slightly different from the point of having them in B-tree. The main point of INCLUDE attributes in B-tree is to define UNIQUE constraint over part of attributes enabled for index-only scan. In GiST the main point of INCLUDE attributes is to use index-only scan for attributes, whose data types don't have GiST opclasses. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/73A1A452-AD5F-40D4-BD61-978622FF75C1%40yandex-team.ru Author: Andrey Borodin, with small changes by me Reviewed-by: Andreas Karlssonpull/39/head
Alexander Korotkov
7 years ago
parent
a0b7626268
commit
f2e403803f
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/* |
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* 1.1. test CREATE INDEX with buffered build |
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*/ |
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-- Regular index with included columns |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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-- size is chosen to exceed page size and trigger actual truncation |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,8000) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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SELECT pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) |
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FROM pg_index i JOIN pg_class c ON i.indexrelid = c.oid |
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WHERE i.indrelid = 'tbl_gist'::regclass ORDER BY c.relname; |
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pg_get_indexdef |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON public.tbl_gist USING gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3) |
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(1 row) |
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|
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SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |
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----+----+----+------------- |
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1 | 2 | 3 | (2,3),(1,2) |
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2 | 4 | 6 | (4,5),(2,3) |
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3 | 6 | 9 | (6,7),(3,4) |
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4 | 8 | 12 | (8,9),(4,5) |
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(4 rows) |
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|
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO off; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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QUERY PLAN |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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Index Only Scan using tbl_gist_idx on tbl_gist |
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Index Cond: (c4 <@ '(10,10),(1,1)'::box) |
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(2 rows) |
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|
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO default; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 1.2. test CREATE INDEX with inserts |
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*/ |
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-- Regular index with included columns |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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-- size is chosen to exceed page size and trigger actual truncation |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,8000) AS x; |
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SELECT pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) |
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FROM pg_index i JOIN pg_class c ON i.indexrelid = c.oid |
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WHERE i.indrelid = 'tbl_gist'::regclass ORDER BY c.relname; |
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pg_get_indexdef |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON public.tbl_gist USING gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3) |
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(1 row) |
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|
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SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |
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----+----+----+------------- |
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1 | 2 | 3 | (2,3),(1,2) |
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2 | 4 | 6 | (4,5),(2,3) |
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3 | 6 | 9 | (6,7),(3,4) |
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4 | 8 | 12 | (8,9),(4,5) |
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(4 rows) |
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|
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO off; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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QUERY PLAN |
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------------------------------------------------ |
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Index Only Scan using tbl_gist_idx on tbl_gist |
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Index Cond: (c4 <@ '(10,10),(1,1)'::box) |
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(2 rows) |
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|
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO default; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 2. CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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indexdef |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON public.tbl_gist USING gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3) |
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(1 row) |
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|
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 3. REINDEX |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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indexdef |
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON public.tbl_gist USING gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c3) |
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(1 row) |
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|
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REINDEX INDEX tbl_gist_idx; |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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indexdef |
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON public.tbl_gist USING gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c3) |
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(1 row) |
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|
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist DROP COLUMN c1; |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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indexdef |
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---------- |
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(0 rows) |
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|
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 4. Update, delete values in indexed table. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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UPDATE tbl_gist SET c1 = 100 WHERE c1 = 2; |
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UPDATE tbl_gist SET c1 = 1 WHERE c1 = 3; |
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DELETE FROM tbl_gist WHERE c1 = 5 OR c3 = 12; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 5. Alter column type. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist ALTER c1 TYPE bigint; |
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist ALTER c3 TYPE bigint; |
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\d tbl_gist |
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Table "public.tbl_gist" |
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Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default |
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--------+---------+-----------+----------+--------- |
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c1 | bigint | | | |
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c2 | integer | | | |
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c3 | bigint | | | |
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c4 | box | | | |
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Indexes: |
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"tbl_gist_idx" gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1, c3) |
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|
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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/* |
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* 6. EXCLUDE constraint. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box, EXCLUDE USING gist (c4 WITH &&) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3)); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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ERROR: conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "tbl_gist_c4_c1_c2_c3_excl" |
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DETAIL: Key (c4)=((4,5),(2,3)) conflicts with existing key (c4)=((2,3),(1,2)). |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(3*x,2*x),point(3*x+1,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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QUERY PLAN |
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------------------------------------------------------------- |
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Index Only Scan using tbl_gist_c4_c1_c2_c3_excl on tbl_gist |
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Index Cond: (c4 <@ '(10,10),(1,1)'::box) |
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(2 rows) |
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|
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\d tbl_gist |
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Table "public.tbl_gist" |
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Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default |
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--------+---------+-----------+----------+--------- |
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c1 | integer | | | |
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c2 | integer | | | |
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c3 | integer | | | |
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c4 | box | | | |
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Indexes: |
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"tbl_gist_c4_c1_c2_c3_excl" EXCLUDE USING gist (c4 WITH &&) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3) |
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|
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ |
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/* |
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* 1.1. test CREATE INDEX with buffered build |
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*/ |
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|
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-- Regular index with included columns |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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-- size is chosen to exceed page size and trigger actual truncation |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,8000) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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SELECT pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) |
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FROM pg_index i JOIN pg_class c ON i.indexrelid = c.oid |
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WHERE i.indrelid = 'tbl_gist'::regclass ORDER BY c.relname; |
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SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO off; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO default; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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/* |
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* 1.2. test CREATE INDEX with inserts |
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*/ |
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|
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-- Regular index with included columns |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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-- size is chosen to exceed page size and trigger actual truncation |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,8000) AS x; |
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SELECT pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) |
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FROM pg_index i JOIN pg_class c ON i.indexrelid = c.oid |
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WHERE i.indrelid = 'tbl_gist'::regclass ORDER BY c.relname; |
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SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO off; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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SET enable_bitmapscan TO default; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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/* |
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* 2. CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c2,c3); |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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|
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/* |
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* 3. REINDEX |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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REINDEX INDEX tbl_gist_idx; |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist DROP COLUMN c1; |
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SELECT indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = 'tbl_gist' ORDER BY indexname; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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/* |
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* 4. Update, delete values in indexed table. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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UPDATE tbl_gist SET c1 = 100 WHERE c1 = 2; |
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UPDATE tbl_gist SET c1 = 1 WHERE c1 = 3; |
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DELETE FROM tbl_gist WHERE c1 = 5 OR c3 = 12; |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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/* |
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* 5. Alter column type. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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CREATE INDEX tbl_gist_idx ON tbl_gist using gist (c4) INCLUDE (c1,c3); |
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist ALTER c1 TYPE bigint; |
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ALTER TABLE tbl_gist ALTER c3 TYPE bigint; |
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\d tbl_gist |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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|
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/* |
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* 6. EXCLUDE constraint. |
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*/ |
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CREATE TABLE tbl_gist (c1 int, c2 int, c3 int, c4 box, EXCLUDE USING gist (c4 WITH &&) INCLUDE (c1, c2, c3)); |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(x,x+1),point(2*x,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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INSERT INTO tbl_gist SELECT x, 2*x, 3*x, box(point(3*x,2*x),point(3*x+1,2*x+1)) FROM generate_series(1,10) AS x; |
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EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM tbl_gist where c4 <@ box(point(1,1),point(10,10)); |
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\d tbl_gist |
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DROP TABLE tbl_gist; |
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