355 Commits (8fa6e6919c1aaa6f74c74e16452aaf0b5f3b4cd5)

Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Tom Lane	1273a15bf9	Disable cache clobber to avoid breaking postgres_fdw termination test. ... Commit 93f414614 improved a pre-existing test case so that it would show whether or not termination of the "remote" worker process happened. This soon exposed that, when debug_invalidate_system_caches_always (nee CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS) is enabled, no such termination occurs. That's because cache invalidation forces postgres_fdw connections to be dropped at end of transaction, so that there's no worker to terminate. There's a race condition as to whether the worker will manage to get out of the BackendStatusArray before we look, but at least on buildfarm member hyrax, it's failed twice in two attempts. Rather than re-lobotomizing the test, let's fix this by transiently disabling debug_invalidate_system_caches_always. (Hooray for that being just a GUC nowadays, rather than a compile-time option.) If this proves not to be enough to make the test stable, we can do the other thing instead. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3854538.1620081771@sss.pgh.pa.us	4 years ago
Fujii Masao	8e9ea08bae	Don't pass "ONLY" options specified in TRUNCATE to foreign data wrapper. ... Commit 8ff1c94649 allowed TRUNCATE command to truncate foreign tables. Previously the information about "ONLY" options specified in TRUNCATE command were passed to the foreign data wrapper. Then postgres_fdw constructed the TRUNCATE command to issue the remote server and included "ONLY" options in it based on the passed information. On the other hand, "ONLY" options specified in SELECT, UPDATE or DELETE have no effect when accessing or modifying the remote table, i.e., are not passed to the foreign data wrapper. So it's inconsistent to make only TRUNCATE command pass the "ONLY" options to the foreign data wrapper. Therefore this commit changes the TRUNCATE command so that it doesn't pass the "ONLY" options to the foreign data wrapper, for the consistency with other statements. Also this commit changes postgres_fdw so that it always doesn't include "ONLY" options in the TRUNCATE command that it constructs. Author: Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Justin Pryzby, Zhihong Yu Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/551ed8c1-f531-818b-664a-2cecdab99cd8@oss.nttdata.com	4 years ago
Etsuro Fujita	bb684c82f7	Minor code cleanup in asynchronous execution support. ... This is cleanup for commit 27e1f1456: * ExecAppendAsyncEventWait(), which was modified a bit further by commit a8af856d3, duplicated the same nevents calculation. Simplify the code a little bit to avoid the duplication. Update comments there. * Add an assertion to ExecAppendAsyncRequest(). * Update a comment about merging the async_capable options from input relations in merge_fdw_options(), per complaint from Kyotaro Horiguchi. * Add a comment for fetch_more_data_begin(). Author: Etsuro Fujita Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK1637W30Wx3MnrReewhafn6F_0J76mrJGoFXFnpPq4QfvA%40mail.gmail.com	4 years ago
Michael Paquier	93f4146144	Simplify tests of postgres_fdw terminating connections ... The tests introduced in 32a9c0b for connections broken and re-established rely on pg_terminate_backend() for their logic. When these were introduced, this function simply sent a signal to a backend without waiting for the operation to complete, and the tests repeatedly looked at pg_stat_activity to check if the operation was completed or not. Since aaf0432, it is possible to define a timeout to make pg_terminate_backend() wait for a certain duration, so make use of it, with a timeout reasonably large enough (3min) to give enough room for the tests to pass even on slow machines. Some measurements show that the tests of postgres_fdw are much faster with this change. For example, on my laptop, they now take 4s instead of 6s. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACXGY_EfGrMTjKjHy2zi-u1u9rdeioU_fro0T6Jo8t56KQ@mail.gmail.com	4 years ago
Fujii Masao	8ff1c94649	Allow TRUNCATE command to truncate foreign tables. ... This commit introduces new foreign data wrapper API for TRUNCATE. It extends TRUNCATE command so that it accepts foreign tables as the targets to truncate and invokes that API. Also it extends postgres_fdw so that it can issue TRUNCATE command to foreign servers, by adding new routine for that TRUNCATE API. The information about options specified in TRUNCATE command, e.g., ONLY, CACADE, etc is passed to FDW via API. The list of foreign tables to truncate is also passed to FDW. FDW truncates the foreign data sources that the passed foreign tables specify, based on those information. For example, postgres_fdw constructs TRUNCATE command using them and issues it to the foreign server. For performance, TRUNCATE command invokes the FDW routine for TRUNCATE once per foreign server that foreign tables to truncate belong to. Author: Kazutaka Onishi, Kohei KaiGai, slightly modified by Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy, Michael Paquier, Zhihong Yu, Alvaro Herrera, Stephen Frost, Ashutosh Bapat, Amit Langote, Daniel Gustafsson, Ibrar Ahmed, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOP8fzb_gkReLput7OvOK+8NHgw-RKqNv59vem7=524krQTcWA@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJuF6cMWDDqU-vn_knZgma+2GMaout68YUgn1uyDnexRhqqM5Q@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Peter Eisentraut	5c55dc8b47	libpq: Set Server Name Indication (SNI) for SSL connections ... By default, have libpq set the TLS extension "Server Name Indication" (SNI). This allows an SNI-aware SSL proxy to route connections. (This requires a proxy that is aware of the PostgreSQL protocol, not just any SSL proxy.) In the future, this could also allow the server to use different SSL certificates for different host specifications. (That would require new server functionality. This would be the client-side functionality for that.) Since SNI makes the host name appear in cleartext in the network traffic, this might be undesirable in some cases. Therefore, also add a libpq connection option "sslsni" to turn it off. Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/7289d5eb-62a5-a732-c3b9-438cee2cb709%40enterprisedb.com	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	a3740c48eb	postgres_fdw: Allow partitions specified in LIMIT TO to be imported. ... Commit f49bcd4ef3 disallowed postgres_fdw to import table partitions. Because all data can be accessed through the partitioned table which is the root of the partitioning hierarchy, importing only partitioned table should allow access to all the data without creating extra objects. This is a reasonable default when importing a whole schema. But there may be the case where users want to explicitly import one of a partitioned tables' partitions. For that use case, this commit allows postgres_fdw to import tables or foreign tables which are partitions of some other table only when they are explicitly specified in LIMIT TO clause. It doesn't change the behavior that any partitions not specified in LIMIT TO are automatically excluded in IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA command. Author: Matthias van de Meent Reviewed-by: Bernd Helmle, Amit Langote, Michael Paquier, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEze2Whwg4i=mzApMe+PXxCEfgoZmHGqdqQFW7J4bmj_5p6t1A@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	b1be3074ac	postgres_fdw: Add option to control whether to keep connections open. ... This commit adds a new option keep_connections that controls whether postgres_fdw keeps the connections to the foreign server open so that the subsequent queries can re-use them. This option can only be specified for a foreign server. The default is on. If set to off, all connections to the foreign server will be discarded at the end of transaction. Closed connections will be re-established when they are necessary by future queries using a foreign table. This option is useful, for example, when users want to prevent the connections from eating up the foreign servers connections capacity. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-by: Alexey Kondratov, Vignesh C, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACVvrp5=AVp2PupEm+nAC8S4buqR3fJMmaCoc7ftT0aD2A@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
David Rowley	9eacee2e62	Add Result Cache executor node (take 2) ... Here we add a new executor node type named "Result Cache". The planner can include this node type in the plan to have the executor cache the results from the inner side of parameterized nested loop joins. This allows caching of tuples for sets of parameters so that in the event that the node sees the same parameter values again, it can just return the cached tuples instead of rescanning the inner side of the join all over again. Internally, result cache uses a hash table in order to quickly find tuples that have been previously cached. For certain data sets, this can significantly improve the performance of joins. The best cases for using this new node type are for join problems where a large portion of the tuples from the inner side of the join have no join partner on the outer side of the join. In such cases, hash join would have to hash values that are never looked up, thus bloating the hash table and possibly causing it to multi-batch. Merge joins would have to skip over all of the unmatched rows. If we use a nested loop join with a result cache, then we only cache tuples that have at least one join partner on the outer side of the join. The benefits of using a parameterized nested loop with a result cache increase when there are fewer distinct values being looked up and the number of lookups of each value is large. Also, hash probes to lookup the cache can be much faster than the hash probe in a hash join as it's common that the result cache's hash table is much smaller than the hash join's due to result cache only caching useful tuples rather than all tuples from the inner side of the join. This variation in hash probe performance is more significant when the hash join's hash table no longer fits into the CPU's L3 cache, but the result cache's hash table does. The apparent "random" access of hash buckets with each hash probe can cause a poor L3 cache hit ratio for large hash tables. Smaller hash tables generally perform better. The hash table used for the cache limits itself to not exceeding work_mem * hash_mem_multiplier in size. We maintain a dlist of keys for this cache and when we're adding new tuples and realize we've exceeded the memory budget, we evict cache entries starting with the least recently used ones until we have enough memory to add the new tuples to the cache. For parameterized nested loop joins, we now consider using one of these result cache nodes in between the nested loop node and its inner node. We determine when this might be useful based on cost, which is primarily driven off of what the expected cache hit ratio will be. Estimating the cache hit ratio relies on having good distinct estimates on the nested loop's parameters. For now, the planner will only consider using a result cache for parameterized nested loop joins. This works for both normal joins and also for LATERAL type joins to subqueries. It is possible to use this new node for other uses in the future. For example, to cache results from correlated subqueries. However, that's not done here due to some difficulties obtaining a distinct estimation on the outer plan to calculate the estimated cache hit ratio. Currently we plan the inner plan before planning the outer plan so there is no good way to know if a result cache would be useful or not since we can't estimate the number of times the subplan will be called until the outer plan is generated. The functionality being added here is newly introducing a dependency on the return value of estimate_num_groups() during the join search. Previously, during the join search, we only ever needed to perform selectivity estimations. With this commit, we need to use estimate_num_groups() in order to estimate what the hit ratio on the result cache will be. In simple terms, if we expect 10 distinct values and we expect 1000 outer rows, then we'll estimate the hit ratio to be 99%. Since cache hits are very cheap compared to scanning the underlying nodes on the inner side of the nested loop join, then this will significantly reduce the planner's cost for the join. However, it's fairly easy to see here that things will go bad when estimate_num_groups() incorrectly returns a value that's significantly lower than the actual number of distinct values. If this happens then that may cause us to make use of a nested loop join with a result cache instead of some other join type, such as a merge or hash join. Our distinct estimations have been known to be a source of trouble in the past, so the extra reliance on them here could cause the planner to choose slower plans than it did previous to having this feature. Distinct estimations are also fairly hard to estimate accurately when several tables have been joined already or when a WHERE clause filters out a set of values that are correlated to the expressions we're estimating the number of distinct value for. For now, the costing we perform during query planning for result caches does put quite a bit of faith in the distinct estimations being accurate. When these are accurate then we should generally see faster execution times for plans containing a result cache. However, in the real world, we may find that we need to either change the costings to put less trust in the distinct estimations being accurate or perhaps even disable this feature by default. There's always an element of risk when we teach the query planner to do new tricks that it decides to use that new trick at the wrong time and causes a regression. Users may opt to get the old behavior by turning the feature off using the enable_resultcache GUC. Currently, this is enabled by default. It remains to be seen if we'll maintain that setting for the release. Additionally, the name "Result Cache" is the best name I could think of for this new node at the time I started writing the patch. Nobody seems to strongly dislike the name. A few people did suggest other names but no other name seemed to dominate in the brief discussion that there was about names. Let's allow the beta period to see if the current name pleases enough people. If there's some consensus on a better name, then we can change it before the release. Please see the 2nd discussion link below for the discussion on the "Result Cache" name. Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Andy Fan, Justin Pryzby, Zhihong Yu, Hou Zhijie Tested-By: Konstantin Knizhnik Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvrPcQyQdWERGYWx8J%2B2DLUNgXu%2BfOSbQ1UscxrunyXyrQ%40mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvq=yQXr5kqhRviT2RhNKwToaWr9JAN5t+5_PzhuRJ3wvg@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
David Rowley	28b3e3905c	Revert b6002a796 ... This removes "Add Result Cache executor node". It seems that something weird is going on with the tracking of cache hits and misses as highlighted by many buildfarm animals. It's not yet clear what the problem is as other parts of the plan indicate that the cache did work correctly, it's just the hits and misses that were being reported as 0. This is especially a bad time to have the buildfarm so broken, so reverting before too many more animals go red. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvq_hydhfovm4=izgWs+C5HqEeRScjMbOgbpC-jRAeK3Yw@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
David Rowley	b6002a796d	Add Result Cache executor node ... Here we add a new executor node type named "Result Cache". The planner can include this node type in the plan to have the executor cache the results from the inner side of parameterized nested loop joins. This allows caching of tuples for sets of parameters so that in the event that the node sees the same parameter values again, it can just return the cached tuples instead of rescanning the inner side of the join all over again. Internally, result cache uses a hash table in order to quickly find tuples that have been previously cached. For certain data sets, this can significantly improve the performance of joins. The best cases for using this new node type are for join problems where a large portion of the tuples from the inner side of the join have no join partner on the outer side of the join. In such cases, hash join would have to hash values that are never looked up, thus bloating the hash table and possibly causing it to multi-batch. Merge joins would have to skip over all of the unmatched rows. If we use a nested loop join with a result cache, then we only cache tuples that have at least one join partner on the outer side of the join. The benefits of using a parameterized nested loop with a result cache increase when there are fewer distinct values being looked up and the number of lookups of each value is large. Also, hash probes to lookup the cache can be much faster than the hash probe in a hash join as it's common that the result cache's hash table is much smaller than the hash join's due to result cache only caching useful tuples rather than all tuples from the inner side of the join. This variation in hash probe performance is more significant when the hash join's hash table no longer fits into the CPU's L3 cache, but the result cache's hash table does. The apparent "random" access of hash buckets with each hash probe can cause a poor L3 cache hit ratio for large hash tables. Smaller hash tables generally perform better. The hash table used for the cache limits itself to not exceeding work_mem * hash_mem_multiplier in size. We maintain a dlist of keys for this cache and when we're adding new tuples and realize we've exceeded the memory budget, we evict cache entries starting with the least recently used ones until we have enough memory to add the new tuples to the cache. For parameterized nested loop joins, we now consider using one of these result cache nodes in between the nested loop node and its inner node. We determine when this might be useful based on cost, which is primarily driven off of what the expected cache hit ratio will be. Estimating the cache hit ratio relies on having good distinct estimates on the nested loop's parameters. For now, the planner will only consider using a result cache for parameterized nested loop joins. This works for both normal joins and also for LATERAL type joins to subqueries. It is possible to use this new node for other uses in the future. For example, to cache results from correlated subqueries. However, that's not done here due to some difficulties obtaining a distinct estimation on the outer plan to calculate the estimated cache hit ratio. Currently we plan the inner plan before planning the outer plan so there is no good way to know if a result cache would be useful or not since we can't estimate the number of times the subplan will be called until the outer plan is generated. The functionality being added here is newly introducing a dependency on the return value of estimate_num_groups() during the join search. Previously, during the join search, we only ever needed to perform selectivity estimations. With this commit, we need to use estimate_num_groups() in order to estimate what the hit ratio on the result cache will be. In simple terms, if we expect 10 distinct values and we expect 1000 outer rows, then we'll estimate the hit ratio to be 99%. Since cache hits are very cheap compared to scanning the underlying nodes on the inner side of the nested loop join, then this will significantly reduce the planner's cost for the join. However, it's fairly easy to see here that things will go bad when estimate_num_groups() incorrectly returns a value that's significantly lower than the actual number of distinct values. If this happens then that may cause us to make use of a nested loop join with a result cache instead of some other join type, such as a merge or hash join. Our distinct estimations have been known to be a source of trouble in the past, so the extra reliance on them here could cause the planner to choose slower plans than it did previous to having this feature. Distinct estimations are also fairly hard to estimate accurately when several tables have been joined already or when a WHERE clause filters out a set of values that are correlated to the expressions we're estimating the number of distinct value for. For now, the costing we perform during query planning for result caches does put quite a bit of faith in the distinct estimations being accurate. When these are accurate then we should generally see faster execution times for plans containing a result cache. However, in the real world, we may find that we need to either change the costings to put less trust in the distinct estimations being accurate or perhaps even disable this feature by default. There's always an element of risk when we teach the query planner to do new tricks that it decides to use that new trick at the wrong time and causes a regression. Users may opt to get the old behavior by turning the feature off using the enable_resultcache GUC. Currently, this is enabled by default. It remains to be seen if we'll maintain that setting for the release. Additionally, the name "Result Cache" is the best name I could think of for this new node at the time I started writing the patch. Nobody seems to strongly dislike the name. A few people did suggest other names but no other name seemed to dominate in the brief discussion that there was about names. Let's allow the beta period to see if the current name pleases enough people. If there's some consensus on a better name, then we can change it before the release. Please see the 2nd discussion link below for the discussion on the "Result Cache" name. Author: David Rowley Reviewed-by: Andy Fan, Justin Pryzby, Zhihong Yu Tested-By: Konstantin Knizhnik Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvrPcQyQdWERGYWx8J%2B2DLUNgXu%2BfOSbQ1UscxrunyXyrQ%40mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvq=yQXr5kqhRviT2RhNKwToaWr9JAN5t+5_PzhuRJ3wvg@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	8998e3cafa	Silence compiler warning in non-assert builds. ... Per buildfarm.	5 years ago
Tom Lane	86dc90056d	Rework planning and execution of UPDATE and DELETE. ... This patch makes two closely related sets of changes: 1. For UPDATE, the subplan of the ModifyTable node now only delivers the new values of the changed columns (i.e., the expressions computed in the query's SET clause) plus row identity information such as CTID. ModifyTable must re-fetch the original tuple to merge in the old values of any unchanged columns. The core advantage of this is that the changed columns are uniform across all tables of an inherited or partitioned target relation, whereas the other columns might not be. A secondary advantage, when the UPDATE involves joins, is that less data needs to pass through the plan tree. The disadvantage of course is an extra fetch of each tuple to be updated. However, that seems to be very nearly free in context; even worst-case tests don't show it to add more than a couple percent to the total query cost. At some point it might be interesting to combine the re-fetch with the tuple access that ModifyTable must do anyway to mark the old tuple dead; but that would require a good deal of refactoring and it seems it wouldn't buy all that much, so this patch doesn't attempt it. 2. For inherited UPDATE/DELETE, instead of generating a separate subplan for each target relation, we now generate a single subplan that is just exactly like a SELECT's plan, then stick ModifyTable on top of that. To let ModifyTable know which target relation a given incoming row refers to, a tableoid junk column is added to the row identity information. This gets rid of the horrid hack that was inheritance_planner(), eliminating O(N^2) planning cost and memory consumption in cases where there were many unprunable target relations. Point 2 of course requires point 1, so that there is a uniform definition of the non-junk columns to be returned by the subplan. We can't insist on uniform definition of the row identity junk columns however, if we want to keep the ability to have both plain and foreign tables in a partitioning hierarchy. Since it wouldn't scale very far to have every child table have its own row identity column, this patch includes provisions to merge similar row identity columns into one column of the subplan result. In particular, we can merge the whole-row Vars typically used as row identity by FDWs into one column by pretending they are type RECORD. (It's still okay for the actual composite Datums to be labeled with the table's rowtype OID, though.) There is more that can be done to file down residual inefficiencies in this patch, but it seems to be committable now. FDW authors should note several API changes: * The argument list for AddForeignUpdateTargets() has changed, and so has the method it must use for adding junk columns to the query. Call add_row_identity_var() instead of manipulating the parse tree directly. You might want to reconsider exactly what you're adding, too. * PlanDirectModify() must now work a little harder to find the ForeignScan plan node; if the foreign table is part of a partitioning hierarchy then the ForeignScan might not be the direct child of ModifyTable. See postgres_fdw for sample code. * To check whether a relation is a target relation, it's no longer sufficient to compare its relid to root->parse->resultRelation. Instead, check it against all_result_relids or leaf_result_relids, as appropriate. Amit Langote and Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+HiwqHpHdqdDn48yCEhynnniahH78rwcrv1rEX65-fsZGBOLQ@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Etsuro Fujita	27e1f14563	Add support for asynchronous execution. ... This implements asynchronous execution, which runs multiple parts of a non-parallel-aware Append concurrently rather than serially to improve performance when possible. Currently, the only node type that can be run concurrently is a ForeignScan that is an immediate child of such an Append. In the case where such ForeignScans access data on different remote servers, this would run those ForeignScans concurrently, and overlap the remote operations to be performed simultaneously, so it'll improve the performance especially when the operations involve time-consuming ones such as remote join and remote aggregation. We may extend this to other node types such as joins or aggregates over ForeignScans in the future. This also adds the support for postgres_fdw, which is enabled by the table-level/server-level option "async_capable". The default is false. Robert Haas, Kyotaro Horiguchi, Thomas Munro, and myself. This commit is mostly based on the patch proposed by Robert Haas, but also uses stuff from the patch proposed by Kyotaro Horiguchi and from the patch proposed by Thomas Munro. Reviewed by Kyotaro Horiguchi, Konstantin Knizhnik, Andrey Lepikhov, Movead Li, Thomas Munro, Justin Pryzby, and others. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BTgmoaXQEt4tZ03FtQhnzeDEMzBck%2BLrni0UWHVVgOTnA6C1w%40mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA%2BhUKGLBRyu0rHrDCMC4%3DRn3252gogyp1SjOgG8SEKKZv%3DFwfQ%40mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200228.170650.667613673625155850.horikyota.ntt%40gmail.com	5 years ago
Amit Kapila	13cb5bd846	Remove extra semicolon in postgres_fdw tests. ... Author: Suraj Kharage Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy, Vignesh C Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAF1DzPWRfxUeH-wShz7P_pK5Tx6M_nEK+TkS8gn5ngvg07Q5=g@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
David Rowley	ed934d4fa3	Allow estimate_num_groups() to pass back further details about the estimation ... Here we add a new output parameter to estimate_num_groups() to allow it to inform the caller of additional, possibly useful information about the estimation. The new output parameter is a struct that currently contains just a single field with a set of flags. This was done rather than having the flags as an output parameter to allow future fields to be added without having to change the signature of the function at a later date when we want to pass back further information that might not be suitable to store in the flags field. It seems reasonable that one day in the future that the planner would want to know more about the estimation. For example, how many individual sets of statistics was the estimation generated from? The planner may want to take that into account if we ever want to consider risks as well as costs when generating plans. For now, there's only 1 flag we set in the flags field. This is to indicate if the estimation fell back on using the hard-coded constants in any part of the estimation. Callers may like to change their behavior if this is set, and this gives them the ability to do so. Callers may pass the flag pointer as NULL if they have no interest in obtaining any additional information about the estimate. We're not adding any actual usages of these flags here. Some follow-up commits will make use of this feature. Additionally, we're also not making any changes to add support for clauselist_selectivity() and clauselist_selectivity_ext(). However, if this is required in the future then the same struct being added here should be fine to use as a new output argument for those functions too. Author: David Rowley Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAApHDvqQqpk=1W-G_ds7A9CsXX3BggWj_7okinzkLVhDubQzjA@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Etsuro Fujita	bc2797ebb1	Update obsolete comment. ... Back-patch to all supported branches. Author: Etsuro Fujita Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAPmGK17DwzaSf%2BB71dhL2apXdtG-OmD6u2AL9Cq2ZmAR0%2BzapQ%40mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Michael Paquier	0ba71107ef	Revert changes for SSL compression in libpq ... This partially reverts 096bbf7 and 9d2d457, undoing the libpq changes as it could cause breakages in distributions that share one single libpq version across multiple major versions of Postgres for extensions and applications linking to that. Note that the backend is unchanged here, and it still disables SSL compression while simplifying the underlying catalogs that tracked if compression was enabled or not for a SSL connection. Per discussion with Tom Lane and Daniel Gustafsson. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YEbq15JKJwIX+S6m@paquier.xyz	5 years ago
Michael Paquier	096bbf7c93	Switch back sslcompression to be a normal input field in libpq ... Per buildfarm member crake, any servers including a postgres_fdw server with this option set would fail to do a pg_upgrade properly as the option got hidden in f9264d1 by becoming a debug option, making the restore of the FDW server fail. This changes back the option in libpq to be visible, but still inactive to fix this upgrade issue. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YEbq15JKJwIX+S6m@paquier.xyz	5 years ago
Michael Paquier	f9264d1524	Remove support for SSL compression ... PostgreSQL disabled compression as of e3bdb2d and the documentation recommends against using it since. Additionally, SSL compression has been disabled in OpenSSL since version 1.1.0, and was disabled in many distributions long before that. The most recent TLS version, TLSv1.3, disallows compression at the protocol level. This commit removes the feature itself, removing support for the libpq parameter sslcompression (parameter still listed for compatibility reasons with existing connection strings, just ignored), and removes the equivalent field in pg_stat_ssl and de facto PgBackendSSLStatus. Note that, on top of removing the ability to activate compression by configuration, compression is actively disabled in both frontend and backend to avoid overrides from local configurations. A TAP test is added for deprecated SSL parameters to check after backwards compatibility. Bump catalog version. Author: Daniel Gustafsson Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut, Magnus Hagander, Michael Paquier Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/7E384D48-11C5-441B-9EC3-F7DB1F8518F6@yesql.se	5 years ago
Peter Eisentraut	f5465fade9	Allow specifying CRL directory ... Add another method to specify CRLs, hashed directory method, for both server and client side. This offers a means for server or libpq to load only CRLs that are required to verify a certificate. The CRL directory is specifed by separate GUC variables or connection options ssl_crl_dir and sslcrldir, alongside the existing ssl_crl_file and sslcrl, so both methods can be used at the same time. Author: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horikyota.ntt@gmail.com> Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/20200731.173911.904649928639357911.horikyota.ntt@gmail.com	5 years ago
Tomas Vondra	927f453a94	Fix tuple routing to initialize batching only for inserts ... A cross-partition update on a partitioned table is implemented as a delete followed by an insert. With foreign partitions, this was however causing issues, because the FDW and core may disagree on when to enable batching. postgres_fdw was only allowing batching for plain inserts (CMD_INSERT) while core was trying to batch the insert component of the cross-partition update. Fix by restricting core to apply batching only to plain CMD_INSERT queries. It's possible to allow batching for cross-partition updates, but that will require more extensive changes, so better to leave that for a separate patch. Author: Amit Langote Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Takayuki Tsunakawa Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200628151002.7x5laxwpgvkyiu3q@development	5 years ago
Heikki Linnakangas	6214e2b228	Fix permission checks on constraint violation errors on partitions. ... If a cross-partition UPDATE violates a constraint on the target partition, and the columns in the new partition are in different physical order than in the parent, the error message can reveal columns that the user does not have SELECT permission on. A similar bug was fixed earlier in commit 804b6b6db4. The cause of the bug is that the callers of the ExecBuildSlotValueDescription() function got confused when constructing the list of modified columns. If the tuple was routed from a parent, we converted the tuple to the parent's format, but the list of modified columns was grabbed directly from the child's RTE entry. ExecUpdateLockMode() had a similar issue. That lead to confusion on which columns are key columns, leading to wrong tuple lock being taken on tables referenced by foreign keys, when a row is updated with INSERT ON CONFLICT UPDATE. A new isolation test is added for that corner case. With this patch, the ri_RangeTableIndex field is no longer set for partitions that don't have an entry in the range table. Previously, it was set to the RTE entry of the parent relation, but that was confusing. NOTE: This modifies the ResultRelInfo struct, replacing the ri_PartitionRoot field with ri_RootResultRelInfo. That's a bit risky to backpatch, because it breaks any extensions accessing the field. The change that ri_RangeTableIndex is not set for partitions could potentially break extensions, too. The ResultRelInfos are visible to FDWs at least, and this patch required small changes to postgres_fdw. Nevertheless, this seem like the least bad option. I don't think these fields widely used in extensions; I don't think there are FDWs out there that uses the FDW "direct update" API, other than postgres_fdw. If there is, you will get a compilation error, so hopefully it is caught quickly. Backpatch to 11, where support for both cross-partition UPDATEs, and unique indexes on partitioned tables, were added. Reviewed-by: Amit Langote Security: CVE-2021-3393	5 years ago
Etsuro Fujita	5e7fa189ee	postgres_fdw: Fix assertion in estimate_path_cost_size(). ... Commit 08d2d58a2 added an assertion assuming that the retrieved_rows estimate for a foreign relation, which is re-used to cost pre-sorted foreign paths with local stats, is set to at least one row in estimate_path_cost_size(), which isn't correct because if the relation is a foreign table with tuples=0, the estimate would be set to 0 there when not using remote estimates. Per bug #16807 from Alexander Lakhin. Back-patch to v13 where the aforementioned commit went in. Author: Etsuro Fujita Reviewed-by: Kyotaro Horiguchi Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/16807-9fe4e08fbaa5c7ce%40postgresql.org	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	f77717b298	postgres_fdw: Fix tests for CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS. ... The regression tests added in commits 708d165ddb and 411ae64997 caused buildfarm failures when CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS was enabled. This commit stabilizes those tests. The foreign server connections established by postgres_fdw behaves differently depending on whether CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS is enabled or not. If it's not enabled, those connections are cached. On the other hand, if it's enabled, when the connections are established outside transaction block, they are not cached (i.e., they are immediately closed at the end of query that established them). So the subsequent postgres_fdw_get_connections() cannot list those connections and postgres_fdw_disconnect() cannot close them (because they are already closed). When the connections are established inside transaction block, they are cached whether CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS was enabled or not. But if it's enabled, they are immediately marked as invalid, otherwise not. This causes the subsequent postgres_fdw_get_connections() to return different result in "valid" column depending on whether CLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS was enabled or not. This commit prevents the above differences of behavior from affecting the regression tests. Per buildfarm failure on trilobite. Original patch by Bharath Rupireddy. I (Fujii Masao) extracted the regression test fix from that and revised it a bit. Reported-by: Tom Lane Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2688508.1611865371@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
Michael Paquier	7b4c660466	Fix memory leak when deallocating prepared statement in postgres_fdw ... The leak is minor, so no backpatch is done. Oversight in 21734d2. Reported-by: Tom Lane	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	0c3fc09fe3	postgres_fdw: Fix test failure with -DENFORCE_REGRESSION_TEST_NAME_RESTRICTIONS ... The roles created by regression test should have names starting with "regress_", and the test introduced in commit 411ae64997 did not do that. Per buildfarm member longfin. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/73fc5ae4-3c54-1262-4533-f8c547de2e60@oss.nttdata.com	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	6adc5376dc	postgres_fdw: Stabilize regression test for postgres_fdw_disconnect_all(). ... The regression test added in commit 411ae64997 caused buildfarm failures. The cause of them was that the order of warning messages output in the test was not stable. To fix this, this commit sets client_min_messages to ERROR temporarily when performing the test generating those warnings. Per buildfarm failures. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2147113.1611644754@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	411ae64997	postgres_fdw: Add functions to discard cached connections. ... This commit introduces two new functions postgres_fdw_disconnect() and postgres_fdw_disconnect_all(). The former function discards the cached connections to the specified foreign server. The latter discards all the cached connections. If the connection is used in the current transaction, it's not closed and a warning message is emitted. For example, these functions are useful when users want to explicitly close the foreign server connections that are no longer necessary and then to prevent them from eating up the foreign servers connections capacity. Author: Bharath Rupireddy, tweaked a bit by Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Alexey Kondratov, Zhijie Hou, Zhihong Yu, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACVvrp5=AVp2PupEm+nAC8S4buqR3fJMmaCoc7ftT0aD2A@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	55dc86eca7	Fix pull_varnos' miscomputation of relids set for a PlaceHolderVar. ... Previously, pull_varnos() took the relids of a PlaceHolderVar as being equal to the relids in its contents, but that fails to account for the possibility that we have to postpone evaluation of the PHV due to outer joins. This could result in a malformed plan. The known cases end up triggering the "failed to assign all NestLoopParams to plan nodes" sanity check in createplan.c, but other symptoms may be possible. The right value to use is the join level we actually intend to evaluate the PHV at. We can get that from the ph_eval_at field of the associated PlaceHolderInfo. However, there are some places that call pull_varnos() before the PlaceHolderInfos have been created; in that case, fall back to the conservative assumption that the PHV will be evaluated at its syntactic level. (In principle this might result in missing some legal optimization, but I'm not aware of any cases where it's an issue in practice.) Things are also a bit ticklish for calls occurring during deconstruct_jointree(), but AFAICS the ph_eval_at fields should have reached their final values by the time we need them. The main problem in making this work is that pull_varnos() has no way to get at the PlaceHolderInfos. We can fix that easily, if a bit tediously, in HEAD by passing it the planner "root" pointer. In the back branches that'd cause an unacceptable API/ABI break for extensions, so leave the existing entry points alone and add new ones with the additional parameter. (If an old entry point is called and encounters a PHV, it'll fall back to using the syntactic level, again possibly missing some valid optimization.) Back-patch to v12. The computation is surely also wrong before that, but it appears that we cannot reach a bad plan thanks to join order restrictions imposed on the subquery that the PlaceHolderVar came from. The error only became reachable when commit 4be058fe9 allowed trivial subqueries to be collapsed out completely, eliminating their join order restrictions. Per report from Stephan Springl. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/171041.1610849523@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
Tomas Vondra	b663a41363	Implement support for bulk inserts in postgres_fdw ... Extends the FDW API to allow batching inserts into foreign tables. That is usually much more efficient than inserting individual rows, due to high latency for each round-trip to the foreign server. It was possible to implement something similar in the regular FDW API, but it was inconvenient and there were issues with reporting the number of actually inserted rows etc. This extends the FDW API with two new functions: * GetForeignModifyBatchSize - allows the FDW picking optimal batch size * ExecForeignBatchInsert - inserts a batch of rows at once Currently, only INSERT queries support batching. Support for DELETE and UPDATE may be added in the future. This also implements batching for postgres_fdw. The batch size may be specified using "batch_size" option both at the server and table level. The initial patch version was written by me, but it was rewritten and improved in many ways by Takayuki Tsunakawa. Author: Takayuki Tsunakawa Reviewed-by: Tomas Vondra, Amit Langote Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200628151002.7x5laxwpgvkyiu3q@development	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	708d165ddb	postgres_fdw: Add function to list cached connections to foreign servers. ... This commit adds function postgres_fdw_get_connections() to return the foreign server names of all the open connections that postgres_fdw established from the local session to the foreign servers. This function also returns whether each connection is valid or not. This function is useful when checking all the open foreign server connections. If we found some connection to drop, from the result of function, probably we can explicitly close them by the function that upcoming commit will add. This commit bumps the version of postgres_fdw to 1.1 since it adds new function. Author: Bharath Rupireddy, tweaked by Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Zhijie Hou, Alexey Kondratov, Zhihong Yu, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2d5cb0b3-a6e8-9bbb-953f-879f47128faa@oss.nttdata.com	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	5e5f4fcd89	postgres_fdw: Save foreign server OID in connection cache entry. ... The foreign server OID stored in the connection cache entry is used as a lookup key to directly get the server name. Previously since the connection cache entry did not have the server OID, postgres_fdw had to get the server OID at first from user mapping before getting the server name. So if the corresponding user mapping was dropped, postgres_fdw could raise the error "cache lookup failed for user mapping" while looking up user mapping and fail to get the server name even though the server had not been dropped yet. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACVRZPUB7ZwqLn-6DY8C_UmPs6084gSpHA92YBv++1AJXA@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Thomas Munro	034510c820	Replace remaining uses of "whitelist". ... Instead describe the action that the list effects, or just use "list" where the meaning is obvious from context. Author: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org> Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20200615182235.x7lch5n6kcjq4aue%40alap3.anarazel.de	5 years ago
Bruce Momjian	ca3b37487b	Update copyright for 2021 ... Backpatch-through: 9.5	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	e3ebcca843	postgres_fdw: Fix connection leak. ... In postgres_fdw, the cached connections to foreign servers will not be closed until the local session exits if the user mappings or foreign servers that those connections depend on are dropped. Those connections can be leaked. To fix that connection leak issue, after a change to a pg_foreign_server or pg_user_mapping catalog entry, this commit makes postgres_fdw close the connections depending on that entry immediately if current transaction has not used those connections yet. Otherwise, mark those connections as invalid and then close them at the end of current transaction, since they cannot be closed in the midst of the transaction using them. Closed connections will be remade at the next opportunity if necessary. Back-patch to all supported branches. Author: Bharath Rupireddy Reviewed-by: Zhihong Yu, Zhijie Hou, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACVNcGH_6qLY-4_tXz8JLvA+4yeBThRfxMz7Oxbk1aHcpQ@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	b3817f5f77	Improve hash_create()'s API for some added robustness. ... Invent a new flag bit HASH_STRINGS to specify C-string hashing, which was formerly the default; and add assertions insisting that exactly one of the bits HASH_STRINGS, HASH_BLOBS, and HASH_FUNCTION be set. This is in hopes of preventing recurrences of the type of oversight fixed in commit a1b8aa1e4 (i.e., mistakenly omitting HASH_BLOBS). Also, when HASH_STRINGS is specified, insist that the keysize be more than 8 bytes. This is a heuristic, but it should catch accidental use of HASH_STRINGS for integer or pointer keys. (Nearly all existing use-cases set the keysize to NAMEDATALEN or more, so there's little reason to think this restriction should be problematic.) Tweak hash_create() to insist that the HASH_ELEM flag be set, and remove the defaults it had for keysize and entrysize. Since those defaults were undocumented and basically useless, no callers omitted HASH_ELEM anyway. Also, remove memset's zeroing the HASHCTL parameter struct from those callers that had one. This has never been really necessary, and while it wasn't a bad coding convention it was confusing that some callers did it and some did not. We might as well save a few cycles by standardizing on "not". Also improve the documentation for hash_create(). In passing, improve reinit.c's usage of a hash table by storing the key as a binary Oid rather than a string; and, since that's a temporary hash table, allocate it in CurrentMemoryContext for neatness. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/590625.1607878171@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
Tom Lane	c7aba7c14e	Support subscripting of arbitrary types, not only arrays. ... This patch generalizes the subscripting infrastructure so that any data type can be subscripted, if it provides a handler function to define what that means. Traditional variable-length (varlena) arrays all use array_subscript_handler(), while the existing fixed-length types that support subscripting use raw_array_subscript_handler(). It's expected that other types that want to use subscripting notation will define their own handlers. (This patch provides no such new features, though; it only lays the foundation for them.) To do this, move the parser's semantic processing of subscripts (including coercion to whatever data type is required) into a method callback supplied by the handler. On the execution side, replace the ExecEvalSubscriptingRef* layer of functions with direct calls to callback-supplied execution routines. (Thus, essentially no new run-time overhead should be caused by this patch. Indeed, there is room to remove some overhead by supplying specialized execution routines. This patch does a little bit in that line, but more could be done.) Additional work is required here and there to remove formerly hard-wired assumptions about the result type, collation, etc of a SubscriptingRef expression node; and to remove assumptions that the subscript values must be integers. One useful side-effect of this is that we now have a less squishy mechanism for identifying whether a data type is a "true" array: instead of wiring in weird rules about typlen, we can look to see if pg_type.typsubscript == F_ARRAY_SUBSCRIPT_HANDLER. For this to be bulletproof, we have to forbid user-defined types from using that handler directly; but there seems no good reason for them to do so. This patch also removes assumptions that the number of subscripts is limited to MAXDIM (6), or indeed has any hard-wired limit. That limit still applies to types handled by array_subscript_handler or raw_array_subscript_handler, but to discourage other dependencies on this constant, I've moved it from c.h to utils/array.h. Dmitry Dolgov, reviewed at various times by Tom Lane, Arthur Zakirov, Peter Eisentraut, Pavel Stehule Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+q6zcVDuGBv=M0FqBYX8DPebS3F_0KQ6OVFobGJPM507_SZ_w@mail.gmail.com Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CA+q6zcVovR+XY4mfk-7oNk-rF91gH0PebnNfuUjuuDsyHjOcVA@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Heikki Linnakangas	0a2bc5d61e	Move per-agg and per-trans duplicate finding to the planner. ... This has the advantage that the cost estimates for aggregates can count the number of calls to transition and final functions correctly. Bump catalog version, because views can contain Aggrefs. Reviewed-by: Andres Freund Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/b2e3536b-1dbc-8303-c97e-89cb0b4a9a48%40iki.fi	5 years ago
Tom Lane	ec29427ce2	Fix and simplify some usages of TimestampDifference(). ... Introduce TimestampDifferenceMilliseconds() to simplify callers that would rather have the difference in milliseconds, instead of the select()-oriented seconds-and-microseconds format. This gets rid of at least one integer division per call, and it eliminates some apparently-easy-to-mess-up arithmetic. Two of these call sites were in fact wrong: * pg_prewarm's autoprewarm_main() forgot to multiply the seconds by 1000, thus ending up with a delay 1000X shorter than intended. That doesn't quite make it a busy-wait, but close. * postgres_fdw's pgfdw_get_cleanup_result() thought it needed to compute microseconds not milliseconds, thus ending up with a delay 1000X longer than intended. Somebody along the way had noticed this problem but misdiagnosed the cause, and imposed an ad-hoc 60-second limit rather than fixing the units. This was relatively harmless in context, because we don't care that much about exactly how long this delay is; still, it's wrong. There are a few more callers of TimestampDifference() that don't have a direct need for seconds-and-microseconds, but can't use TimestampDifferenceMilliseconds() either because they do need microsecond precision or because they might possibly deal with intervals long enough to overflow 32-bit milliseconds. It might be worth inventing another API to improve that, but that seems outside the scope of this patch; so those callers are untouched here. Given the fact that we are fixing some bugs, and the likelihood that future patches might want to back-patch code that uses this new API, back-patch to all supported branches. Alexey Kondratov and Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3b1c053a21c07c1ed5e00be3b2b855ef@postgrespro.ru	5 years ago
Noah Misch	0c3185e963	In security-restricted operations, block enqueue of at-commit user code. ... Specifically, this blocks DECLARE ... WITH HOLD and firing of deferred triggers within index expressions and materialized view queries. An attacker having permission to create non-temp objects in at least one schema could execute arbitrary SQL functions under the identity of the bootstrap superuser. One can work around the vulnerability by disabling autovacuum and not manually running ANALYZE, CLUSTER, REINDEX, CREATE INDEX, VACUUM FULL, or REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW. (Don't restore from pg_dump, since it runs some of those commands.) Plain VACUUM (without FULL) is safe, and all commands are fine when a trusted user owns the target object. Performance may degrade quickly under this workaround, however. Back-patch to 9.5 (all supported versions). Reviewed by Robert Haas. Reported by Etienne Stalmans. Security: CVE-2020-25695	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	7fc1a81e49	postgres_fdw: Restructure connection retry logic. ... Commit 32a9c0bdf introduced connection retry logic into postgres_fdw. Previously it used goto statement for retry. This commit gets rid of that goto from the logic to make the code simpler and easier-to-read. When getting out of PG_CATCH() for the retry, the error state should be cleaned up and the memory context should be reset. But commit 32a9c0bdf forgot to do that. This commit also fixes this bug. Previously only PQstatus()==CONNECTION_BAD was verified to detect connection failure. But this could cause false detection in the case where any error other than connection failure (e.g., out-of-memory) was thrown after a broken connection was detected in libpq and CONNECTION_BAD is set. To fix this issue, this commit changes the logic so that it also checks the error's sqlstate is ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE. Author: Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Tom Lane Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2943611.1602375376@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
David Rowley	110d81728a	Fixup some appendStringInfo and appendPQExpBuffer calls ... A number of places were using appendStringInfo() when they could have been using appendStringInfoString() instead. While there's no functionality change there, it's just more efficient to use appendStringInfoString() when no formatting is required. Likewise for some appendStringInfoString() calls which were just appending a single char. We can just use appendStringInfoChar() for that. Additionally, many places were using appendPQExpBuffer() when they could have used appendPQExpBufferStr(). Change those too. Patch by Zhijie Hou, but further searching by me found significantly more places that deserved the same treatment. Author: Zhijie Hou, David Rowley Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/cb172cf4361e4c7ba7167429070979d4@G08CNEXMBPEKD05.g08.fujitsu.local	5 years ago
Heikki Linnakangas	178f2d560d	Include result relation info in direct modify ForeignScan nodes. ... FDWs that can perform an UPDATE/DELETE remotely using the "direct modify" set of APIs need to access the ResultRelInfo of the target table. That's currently available in EState.es_result_relation_info, but the next commit will remove that field. This commit adds a new resultRelation field in ForeignScan, to store the target relation's RT index, and the corresponding ResultRelInfo in ForeignScanState. The FDW's PlanDirectModify callback is expected to set 'resultRelation' along with 'operation'. The core code doesn't need them for anything, they are for the convenience of FDW's Begin- and IterateDirectModify callbacks. Authors: Amit Langote, Etsuro Fujita Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CA%2BHiwqGEmiib8FLiHMhKB%2BCH5dRgHSLc5N5wnvc4kym%2BZYpQEQ%40mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	85d08b8b72	Band-aid new postgres_fdw test case to remove error text dependency. ... Buildfarm member lorikeet is still failing the test from commit 32a9c0bdf, but now it's down to the should-have-foreseen-it problem that the error message isn't what the expected-output file expects. Let's see if we can get stable results by printing just the SQLSTATE. I believe we'll reliably see ERRCODE_CONNECTION_FAILURE, since pgfdw_report_error() will report that for any libpq-originated error. There may be a better way to do this, but I'd like to get the buildfarm back to green before we discuss further improvements. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1kPc9v-0005L4-2l@gemulon.postgresql.org Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2621622.1602184554@sss.pgh.pa.us	5 years ago
Fujii Masao	32a9c0bdf4	postgres_fdw: reestablish new connection if cached one is detected as broken. ... In postgres_fdw, once remote connections are established, they are cached and re-used for subsequent queries and transactions. There can be some cases where those cached connections are unavaiable, for example, by the restart of remote server. In these cases, previously an error was reported and the query accessing to remote server failed if new remote transaction failed to start because the cached connection was broken. This commit improves postgres_fdw so that new connection is remade if broken connection is detected when starting new remote transaction. This is useful to avoid unnecessary failure of queries when connection is broken but can be reestablished. Author: Bharath Rupireddy, tweaked a bit by Fujii Masao Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat, Tatsuhito Kasahara, Fujii Masao Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACUAi23vf1WiHNar_LksM9EDOWXcbHCo-fD4Mbr1d=78YQ@mail.gmail.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	1ed6b89563	Remove support for postfix (right-unary) operators. ... This feature has been a thorn in our sides for a long time, causing many grammatical ambiguity problems. It doesn't seem worth the pain to continue to support it, so remove it. There are some follow-on improvements we can make in the grammar, but this commit only removes the bare minimum number of productions, plus assorted backend support code. Note that pg_dump and psql continue to have full support, since they may be used against older servers. However, pg_dump warns about postfix operators. There is also a check in pg_upgrade. Documentation-wise, I (tgl) largely removed the "left unary" terminology in favor of saying "prefix operator", which is a more standard and IMO less confusing term. I included a catversion bump, although no initial catalog data changes here, to mark the boundary at which oprkind = 'r' stopped being valid in pg_operator. Mark Dilger, based on work by myself and Robert Haas; review by John Naylor Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/38ca86db-42ab-9b48-2902-337a0d6b8311@2ndquadrant.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	76f412ab31	Remove factorial operators, leaving only the factorial() function. ... The "!" operator is our only built-in postfix operator. Remove it, on the way to removal of grammar support for postfix operators. There is also a "!!" prefix operator, but since it's been marked deprecated for most of its existence, we might as well remove it too. Also zap the SQL alias function numeric_fac(), which seems to have equally little reason to live. Mark Dilger, based on work by myself and Robert Haas; review by John Naylor Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/38ca86db-42ab-9b48-2902-337a0d6b8311@2ndquadrant.com	5 years ago
Michael Paquier	a6642b3ae0	Add support for partitioned tables and indexes in REINDEX ... Until now, REINDEX was not able to work with partitioned tables and indexes, forcing users to reindex partitions one by one. This extends REINDEX INDEX and REINDEX TABLE so as they can accept a partitioned index and table in input, respectively, to reindex all the partitions assigned to them with physical storage (foreign tables, partitioned tables and indexes are then discarded). This shares some logic with schema and database REINDEX as each partition gets processed in its own transaction after building a list of relations to work on. This choice has the advantage to minimize the number of invalid indexes to one partition with REINDEX CONCURRENTLY in the event a cancellation or failure in-flight, as the only indexes handled at once in a single REINDEX CONCURRENTLY loop are the ones from the partition being working on. Isolation tests are added to emulate some cases I bumped into while developing this feature, particularly with the concurrent drop of a leaf partition reindexed. However, this is rather limited as LOCK would cause REINDEX to block in the first transaction building the list of partitions. Per its multi-transaction nature, this new flavor cannot run in a transaction block, similarly to REINDEX SCHEMA, SYSTEM and DATABASE. Author: Justin Pryzby, Michael Paquier Reviewed-by: Anastasia Lubennikova Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/db12e897-73ff-467e-94cb-4af03705435f.adger.lj@alibaba-inc.com	5 years ago
Tom Lane	3d351d916b	Redefine pg_class.reltuples to be -1 before the first VACUUM or ANALYZE. ... Historically, we've considered the state with relpages and reltuples both zero as indicating that we do not know the table's tuple density. This is problematic because it's impossible to distinguish "never yet vacuumed" from "vacuumed and seen to be empty". In particular, a user cannot use VACUUM or ANALYZE to override the planner's normal heuristic that an empty table should not be believed to be empty because it is probably about to get populated. That heuristic is a good safety measure, so I don't care to abandon it, but there should be a way to override it if the table is indeed intended to stay empty. Hence, represent the initial state of ignorance by setting reltuples to -1 (relpages is still set to zero), and apply the minimum-ten-pages heuristic only when reltuples is still -1. If the table is empty, VACUUM or ANALYZE (but not CREATE INDEX) will override that to reltuples = relpages = 0, and then we'll plan on that basis. This requires a bunch of fiddly little changes, but we can get rid of some ugly kluges that were formerly needed to maintain the old definition. One notable point is that FDWs' GetForeignRelSize methods will see baserel->tuples = -1 when no ANALYZE has been done on the foreign table. That seems like a net improvement, since those methods were formerly also in the dark about what baserel->tuples = 0 really meant. Still, it is an API change. I bumped catversion because code predating this change would get confused by seeing reltuples = -1. Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/F02298E0-6EF4-49A1-BCB6-C484794D9ACC@thebuild.com	5 years ago