This is the last major omission in our domains feature: you can now
make a domain over anything that's not a pseudotype.
The major complication from an implementation standpoint is that places
that might be creating tuples of a domain type now need to be prepared
to apply domain_check(). It seems better that unprepared code fail
with an error like "<type> is not composite" than that it silently fail
to apply domain constraints. Therefore, relevant infrastructure like
get_func_result_type() and lookup_rowtype_tupdesc() has been adjusted
to treat domain-over-composite as a distinct case that unprepared code
won't recognize, rather than just transparently treating it the same
as plain composite. This isn't a 100% solution to the possibility of
overlooked domain checks, but it catches most places.
In passing, improve typcache.c's support for domains (it can now cache
the identity of a domain's base type), and rewrite the argument handling
logic in jsonfuncs.c's populate_record[set]_worker to reduce duplicative
per-call lookups.
I believe this is code-complete so far as the core and contrib code go.
The PLs need varying amounts of work, which will be tackled in followup
patches.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/4206.1499798337@sss.pgh.pa.us
This is preparation for a future patch to extensively change how
reloptions work.
Author: Nikolay Shaplov
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/2615372.orqtEn8VGB@x200m
Flex generates a lot of functions that are not actually used. In order
to avoid coverage figures being ruined by that, mark up the part of the
.l files where the generated code appears by lcov exclusion markers.
That way, lcov will typically only reported on coverage for the .l file,
which is under our control, but not for the .c file.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
This takes advantage of the infrastructure introduced by commit
81c5e46c49 to greatly reduce the
likelihood that two different queries will end up with the same query
ID. It's still possible, of course, but whereas before it the chances
of a collision reached 25% around 50,000 queries, it will now take
more than 3 billion queries.
Backward incompatibility: Because the type exposed at the SQL level is
int8, users may now see negative query IDs in the pg_stat_statements
view (and also, query IDs more than 4 billion, which was the old
limit).
Patch by me, reviewed by Michael Paquier and Peter Geoghegan.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmobG_Kp4cBKFmsznUAaM1GWW6hhRNiZC0KjRMOOeYnz5Yw@mail.gmail.com
The logical decoding functions do BeginInternalSubTransaction and
RollbackAndReleaseCurrentSubTransaction to clean up after themselves.
It turns out that AtEOSubXact_SPI has an unrecognized assumption that
we always need to cancel the active SPI operation in the SPI context
that surrounds the subtransaction (if there is one). That's true
when the RollbackAndReleaseCurrentSubTransaction call is coming from
the SPI-using function itself, but not when it's happening inside
some unrelated function invoked by a SPI query. In practice the
affected callers are the various PLs.
To fix, record the current subtransaction ID when we begin a SPI
operation, and clean up only if that ID is the subtransaction being
canceled.
Also, remove AtEOSubXact_SPI's assertion that it must have cleaned
up the surrounding SPI context's active tuptable. That's proven
wrong by the same test case.
Also clarify (or, if you prefer, reinterpret) the calling conventions
for _SPI_begin_call and _SPI_end_call. The memory context cleanup
in the latter means that these have always had the flavor of a matched
resource-management pair, but they weren't documented that way before.
Per report from Ben Chobot.
Back-patch to 9.4 where logical decoding came in. In principle,
the SPI changes should go all the way back, since the problem dates
back to commit 7ec1c5a86. But given the lack of field complaints
it seems few people are using internal subtransactions in this way.
So I don't feel a need to take any risks in 9.2/9.3.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/73FBA179-C68C-4540-9473-71E865408B15@silentmedia.com
Instead of joining two partitioned tables in their entirety we can, if
it is an equi-join on the partition keys, join the matching partitions
individually. This involves teaching the planner about "other join"
rels, which are related to regular join rels in the same way that
other member rels are related to baserels. This can use significantly
more CPU time and memory than regular join planning, because there may
now be a set of "other" rels not only for every base relation but also
for every join relation. In most practical cases, this probably
shouldn't be a problem, because (1) it's probably unusual to join many
tables each with many partitions using the partition keys for all
joins and (2) if you do that scenario then you probably have a big
enough machine to handle the increased memory cost of planning and (3)
the resulting plan is highly likely to be better, so what you spend in
planning you'll make up on the execution side. All the same, for now,
turn this feature off by default.
Currently, we can only perform joins between two tables whose
partitioning schemes are absolutely identical. It would be nice to
cope with other scenarios, such as extra partitions on one side or the
other with no match on the other side, but that will have to wait for
a future patch.
Ashutosh Bapat, reviewed and tested by Rajkumar Raghuwanshi, Amit
Langote, Rafia Sabih, Thomas Munro, Dilip Kumar, Antonin Houska, Amit
Khandekar, and by me. A few final adjustments by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAFjFpRfQ8GrQvzp3jA2wnLqrHmaXna-urjm_UY9BqXj=EaDTSA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAFjFpRcitjfrULr5jfuKWRPsGUX0LQ0k8-yG0Qw2+1LBGNpMdw@mail.gmail.com
A lot of semi-internal code just prints out numeric SPI error codes,
which is not very helpful. We already have an API function to convert
the codes to a string, so let's make more use of that.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
All postgres internal usages are replaced, it's just libpq example
usages that haven't been converted. External users of libpq can't
generally rely on including postgres internal headers.
Note that this includes replacing open-coded byte swapping of 64bit
integers (using two 32 bit swaps) with a single 64bit swap.
Where it looked applicable, I have removed netinet/in.h and
arpa/inet.h usage, which previously provided the relevant
functionality. It's perfectly possible that I missed other reasons for
including those, the buildfarm will tell.
Author: Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20170927172019.gheidqy6xvlxb325@alap3.anarazel.de
Allowing arrays with a domain type as their element type was left un-done
in the original domain patch, but not for any very good reason. This
omission leads to such surprising results as array_agg() not working on
a domain column, because the parser can't identify a suitable output type
for the polymorphic aggregate.
In order to fix this, first clean up the APIs of coerce_to_domain() and
some internal functions in parse_coerce.c so that we consistently pass
around a CoercionContext along with CoercionForm. Previously, we sometimes
passed an "isExplicit" boolean flag instead, which is strictly less
information; and coerce_to_domain() didn't even get that, but instead had
to reverse-engineer isExplicit from CoercionForm. That's contrary to the
documentation in primnodes.h that says that CoercionForm only affects
display and not semantics. I don't think this change fixes any live bugs,
but it makes things more consistent. The main reason for doing it though
is that now build_coercion_expression() receives ccontext, which it needs
in order to be able to recursively invoke coerce_to_target_type().
Next, reimplement ArrayCoerceExpr so that the node does not directly know
any details of what has to be done to the individual array elements while
performing the array coercion. Instead, the per-element processing is
represented by a sub-expression whose input is a source array element and
whose output is a target array element. This simplifies life in
parse_coerce.c, because it can build that sub-expression by a recursive
invocation of coerce_to_target_type(). The executor now handles the
per-element processing as a compiled expression instead of hard-wired code.
The main advantage of this is that we can use a single ArrayCoerceExpr to
handle as many as three successive steps per element: base type conversion,
typmod coercion, and domain constraint checking. The old code used two
stacked ArrayCoerceExprs to handle type + typmod coercion, which was pretty
inefficient, and adding yet another array deconstruction to do domain
constraint checking seemed very unappetizing.
In the case where we just need a single, very simple coercion function,
doing this straightforwardly leads to a noticeable increase in the
per-array-element runtime cost. Hence, add an additional shortcut evalfunc
in execExprInterp.c that skips unnecessary overhead for that specific form
of expression. The runtime speed of simple cases is within 1% or so of
where it was before, while cases that previously required two levels of
array processing are significantly faster.
Finally, create an implicit array type for every domain type, as we do for
base types, enums, etc. Everything except the array-coercion case seems
to just work without further effort.
Tom Lane, reviewed by Andrew Dunstan
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/9852.1499791473@sss.pgh.pa.us
Upcoming patches are going to address performance issues that involve
slow system provided ntohs/htons etc. To address that expand
pg_bswap.h to provide pg_ntoh{16,32,64}, pg_hton{16,32,64} and
optimize their respective implementations by using compiler intrinsics
for gcc compatible compilers and msvc. Fall back to manual
implementations using shifts etc otherwise.
Additionally remove multiple evaluation hazards from the existing
BSWAP32/64 macros, by replacing them with inline functions when
necessary. In the course of that the naming scheme is changed to
pg_bswap16/32/64.
Author: Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20170927172019.gheidqy6xvlxb325@alap3.anarazel.de
Add bgw_type field to background worker structure. It is intended to be
set to the same value for all workers of the same type, so they can be
grouped in pg_stat_activity, for example.
The backend_type column in pg_stat_activity now shows bgw_type for a
background worker. The ps listing also no longer calls out that a
process is a background worker but just show the bgw_type. That way,
being a background worker is more of an implementation detail now that
is not shown to the user. However, most log messages still refer to
'background worker "%s"'; otherwise constructing sensible and
translatable log messages would become tricky.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
* Failure to check for malloc failure (ok, pretty unlikely here, but
that's not an excuse).
* Leakage of open fd on read error, and of malloc'd buffer always.
* Incorrect assumption that a short read would set errno to zero.
* Failure to adhere to message style conventions (in particular,
not reporting errno where relevant; using "couldn't open" rather than
"could not open" is not really in line with project style either).
* Missing newlines on some messages.
Coverity spotted the leak problems; I noticed the rest while
fixing the leaks.
The file handling functions from fd.c were called with a diverse mix of
notations for the file permissions when they were opening new files.
Almost all files created by the server should have the same permissions
set. So change the API so that e.g. OpenTransientFile() automatically
uses the standard permissions set, and OpenTransientFilePerm() is a new
function that takes an explicit permissions set for the few cases where
it is needed. This also saves an unnecessary argument for call sites
that are just opening an existing file.
While we're reviewing these APIs, get rid of the FileName typedef and
use the standard const char * for the file name and mode_t for the file
mode. This makes these functions match other file handling functions
and removes an unnecessary layer of mysteriousness. We can also get rid
of a few casts that way.
Author: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>
The recent addition of a test suite for this module revealed a few
problems. It uses a crypt() method that is no longer considered secure
and doesn't work anymore on some platforms. Using a volatile input
function violates internal sanity check assumptions and leads to
failures on the build farm.
So this module is neither a usable security tool nor a good example for
an extension. No one wanted to argue for keeping or improving it, so
remove it.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/5645b0d7-cc40-6ab5-c553-292a91091ee7%402ndquadrant.com
For performance reasons a larger segment size than the default 16MB
can be useful. A larger segment size has two main benefits: Firstly,
in setups using archiving, it makes it easier to write scripts that
can keep up with higher amounts of WAL, secondly, the WAL has to be
written and synced to disk less frequently.
But at the same time large segment size are disadvantageous for
smaller databases. So far the segment size had to be configured at
compile time, often making it unrealistic to choose one fitting to a
particularly load. Therefore change it to a initdb time setting.
This includes a breaking changes to the xlogreader.h API, which now
requires the current segment size to be configured. For that and
similar reasons a number of binaries had to be taught how to recognize
the current segment size.
Author: Beena Emerson, editorialized by Andres Freund
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund, David Steele, Kuntal Ghosh, Michael
Paquier, Peter Eisentraut, Robert Hass, Tushar Ahuja
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOG9ApEAcQ--1ieKbhFzXSQPw_YLmepaa4hNdnY5+ZULpt81Mw@mail.gmail.com
This reverts commit 890faaf1 which attempted unsuccessfully to deal with
the problem, and instead just comments out these tests like other similar
tests elsewhere in the script.
Make the btree page-flags test macros (P_ISLEAF and friends) return clean
boolean values, rather than values that might not fit in a bool. Use them
in a few places that were randomly referencing the flag bits directly.
In passing, change access/nbtree/'s only direct use of BUFFER_LOCK_SHARE to
BT_READ. (Some think we should go the other way, but as long as we have
BT_READ/BT_WRITE, let's use them consistently.)
Masahiko Sawada, reviewed by Doug Doole
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoBmWPeN=WBB5Jvyz_Nt3rmW1ebUyAnk3ZbJP3RMXALJog@mail.gmail.com
By project convention, these names should include "P" when dealing with a
pointer type; that is, if the result of a GETARG macro is of type FOO *,
it should be called PG_GETARG_FOO_P not just PG_GETARG_FOO. Some newer
types such as JSONB and ranges had not followed the convention, and a
number of contrib modules hadn't gotten that memo either. Rename the
offending macros to improve consistency.
In passing, fix a few places that thought PG_DETOAST_DATUM() returns
a Datum; it does not, it returns "struct varlena *". Applying
DatumGetPointer to that happens not to cause any bad effects today,
but it's formally wrong. Also, adjust an ltree macro that was designed
without any thought for what pgindent would do with it.
This is all cosmetic and shouldn't have any impact on generated code.
Mark Dilger, some further tweaks by me
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/EA5676F4-766F-4F38-8348-ECC7DB427C6A@gmail.com
The ISN_DEBUG code did not compile. Fix that code, don't hide it behind
an #ifdef, make it run when building with asserts, and make it error out
instead of just logging if it fails.
Reviewed-by: David Steele <david@pgmasters.net>
Historically, the selectivity functions have simply not distinguished
< from <=, or > from >=, arguing that the fraction of the population that
satisfies the "=" aspect can be considered to be vanishingly small, if the
comparison value isn't any of the most-common-values for the variable.
(If it is, the code path that executes the operator against each MCV will
take care of things properly.) But that isn't really true unless we're
dealing with a continuum of variable values, and in practice we seldom are.
If "x = const" would estimate a nonzero number of rows for a given const
value, then it follows that we ought to estimate different numbers of rows
for "x < const" and "x <= const", even if the const is not one of the MCVs.
Handling this more honestly makes a significant difference in edge cases,
such as the estimate for a tight range (x BETWEEN y AND z where y and z
are close together).
Hence, split scalarltsel into scalarltsel/scalarlesel, and similarly
split scalargtsel into scalargtsel/scalargesel. Adjust <= and >=
operator definitions to reference the new selectivity functions.
Improve the core ineq_histogram_selectivity() function to make a
correction for equality. (Along the way, I learned quite a bit about
exactly why that function gives good answers, which I tried to memorialize
in improved comments.)
The corresponding join selectivity functions were, and remain, just stubs.
But I chose to split them similarly, to avoid confusion and to prevent the
need for doing this exercise again if someone ever makes them less stubby.
In passing, change ineq_histogram_selectivity's clamp for extreme
probability estimates so that it varies depending on the histogram
size, instead of being hardwired at 0.0001. With the default histogram
size of 100 entries, you still get the old clamp value, but bigger
histograms should allow us to put more faith in edge values.
Tom Lane, reviewed by Aleksander Alekseev and Kuntal Ghosh
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/12232.1499140410@sss.pgh.pa.us
It is equivalent in ANSI C to write (*funcptr) () and funcptr(). These
two styles have been applied inconsistently. After discussion, we'll
use the more verbose style for plain function pointer variables, to make
it clear that it's a variable, and the shorter style when the function
pointer is in a struct (s.func() or s->func()), because then it's clear
that it's not a plain function name, and otherwise the excessive
punctuation makes some of those invocations hard to read.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/f52c16db-14ed-757d-4b48-7ef360b1631d@2ndquadrant.com
This doesn't allow routing tuple to the foreign partitions themselves,
but it permits tuples to be routed to regular partitions despite the
presence of foreign partitions in the same inheritance hierarchy.
Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Amit Langote and by me.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/bc3db4c1-1693-3b8a-559f-33ad2b50b7ad@lab.ntt.co.jp
The parenthesized style has only been used in a few modules. Change
that to use the style that is predominant across the whole tree.
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Murphy <ryanfmurphy@gmail.com>
PG_MODULE_MAGIC has been around since 8.2, with 8.1 long since in EOL,
so remove the mention of #ifdef guards for compiling against pre-8.2
sources from the documentation.
Author: Daniel Gustafsson <daniel@yesql.se>
Periodically while the server is running, and at shutdown, write out a
list of blocks in shared buffers. When the server reaches consistency
-- unfortunatey, we can't do it before that point without breaking
things -- reload those blocks into any still-unused shared buffers.
Mithun Cy and Robert Haas, reviewed and tested by Beena Emerson,
Amit Kapila, Jim Nasby, and Rafia Sabih.
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAD__OugubOs1Vy7kgF6xTjmEqTR4CrGAv8w+ZbaY_+MZeitukw@mail.gmail.com
This is a mechanical change in preparation for a later commit that
will change the layout of TupleDesc. Introducing a macro to abstract
the details of where attributes are stored will allow us to change
that in separate step and revise it in future.
Author: Thomas Munro, editorialized by Andres Freund
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAEepm=0ZtQ-SpsgCyzzYpsXS6e=kZWqk3g5Ygn3MDV7A8dabUA@mail.gmail.com
Improve generate_unaccent_rules.py to handle composed characters whose base
is another composed character rather than a plain letter. The net effect
of this is to add a bunch of multi-accented Vietnamese characters to
unaccent.rules.
Original complaint from Kha Nguyen, diagnosis of the script's shortcoming
by Thomas Munro.
Dang Minh Huong and Michael Paquier
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALo3sF6EC8cy1F2JUz=GRf5h4LMUJTaG3qpdoiLrNbWEXL-tRg@mail.gmail.com
Change to appendStringInfoChar() or appendStringInfoString() where those
can be used.
Author: David Rowley <david.rowley@2ndquadrant.com>
Reviewed-by: Ashutosh Bapat <ashutosh.bapat@enterprisedb.com>
Per a report from AP, it's not that hard to exhaust the supply of
bitmap pages if you create a table with a hash index and then insert a
few billion rows - and then you start getting errors when you try to
insert additional rows. In the particular case reported by AP,
there's another fix that we can make to improve recycling of overflow
pages, which is another way to avoid the error, but there may be other
cases where this problem happens and that fix won't help. So let's
buy ourselves as much headroom as we can without rearchitecting
anything.
The comments claim that the old limit was 64GB, but it was really
only 32GB, because we didn't use all the bits in the page for bitmap
bits - only the largest power of 2 that could fit after deducting
space for the page header and so forth. Thus, we have 4kB per page
for bitmap bits, not 8kB. The new limit is thus actually 8 times the
old *real* limit but only 4 times the old *purported* limit.
Since this breaks on-disk compatibility, bump HASH_VERSION. We've
already done this earlier in this release cycle, so this doesn't cause
any incremental inconvenience for people using pg_upgrade from
releases prior to v10. However, users who use pg_upgrade to reach
10beta3 or later from 10beta2 or earlier will need to REINDEX any hash
indexes again.
Amit Kapila and Robert Haas
Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au
The Perl documentation is very clear that stuff calling libperl should
be built with the compiler switches shown by Perl's $Config{ccflags}.
We'd been ignoring that up to now, and mostly getting away with it,
but recent Perl versions contain ABI compatibility cross-checks that
fail on some builds because of this omission. In particular the
sizeof(PerlInterpreter) can come out different due to some fields being
added or removed; which means we have a live ABI hazard that we'd better
fix rather than continuing to sweep it under the rug.
However, it still seems like a bad idea to just absorb $Config{ccflags}
verbatim. In some environments Perl was built with a different compiler
that doesn't even use the same switch syntax. -D switch syntax is pretty
universal though, and absorbing Perl's -D switches really ought to be
enough to fix the problem.
Furthermore, Perl likes to inject stuff like -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE and
-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 into $Config{ccflags}, which affect libc ABIs on
platforms where they're relevant. Adopting those seems dangerous too.
It's unclear whether a build wherein Perl and Postgres have different ideas
of sizeof(off_t) etc would work, or whether anyone would care about making
it work. But it's dead certain that having different stdio ABIs in
core Postgres and PL/Perl will not work; we've seen that movie before.
Therefore, let's also ignore -D switches for symbols beginning with
underscore. The symbols that we actually need to import should be the ones
mentioned in perl.h's PL_bincompat_options stanza, and none of those start
with underscore, so this seems likely to work. (If it turns out not to
work everywhere, we could consider intersecting the symbols mentioned in
PL_bincompat_options with the -D switches. But that will be much more
complicated, so let's try this way first.)
This will need to be back-patched, but first let's see what the
buildfarm makes of it.
Ashutosh Sharma, some adjustments by me
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANFyU97OVQ3+Mzfmt3MhuUm5NwPU=-FtbNH5Eb7nZL9ua8=rcA@mail.gmail.com
In Perl builds that define PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS, XSUB.h defines macros
that replace a whole lot of basic libc functions with Perl functions.
We can't tolerate that in plperl.c; it breaks at least PG_TRY and
probably other stuff. The core idea of this patch is to include XSUB.h
only in the .xs files where it's really needed, and to move any code
broken by PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS out of the .xs files and into plperl.c.
The reason this hasn't been a problem before is that our build techniques
did not result in PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS appearing as a #define in PL/Perl,
even on some platforms where Perl thinks it is defined. That's about to
change in order to fix a nasty portability issue, so we need this work to
make the code safe for that.
Rather unaccountably, the Perl people chose XSUB.h as the place to provide
the versions of the aTHX/aTHX_ macros that are needed by code that's not
explicitly aware of the MULTIPLICITY API conventions. Hence, just removing
XSUB.h from plperl.c fails miserably. But we can work around that by
defining PERL_NO_GET_CONTEXT (which would make the relevant stanza of
XSUB.h a no-op anyway). As explained in perlguts.pod, that means we need
to add a "dTHX" macro call in every C function that calls a Perl API
function. In most of them we just add this at the top; but since the
macro fetches the current Perl interpreter pointer, more care is needed
in functions that switch the active interpreter. Lack of the macro is
easily recognized since it results in bleats about "my_perl" not being
defined.
(A nice side benefit of this is that it significantly reduces the number
of fetches of the current interpreter pointer. On my machine, plperl.so
gets more than 10% smaller, and there's probably some performance win too.
We could reduce the number of fetches still more by decorating the code
with pTHX_/aTHX_ macros to pass the interpreter pointer around, as
explained by perlguts.pod; but that's a task for another day.)
Formatting note: pgindent seems happy to treat "dTHX;" as a declaration
so long as it's the first thing after the left brace, as we'd already
observed with respect to the similar macro "dSP;". If you try to put
it later in a set of declarations, pgindent puts ugly extra space
around it.
Having removed XSUB.h from plperl.c, we need only move the support
functions for spi_return_next and util_elog (both of which use PG_TRY)
out of the .xs files and into plperl.c. This seems sufficient to
avoid the known problems caused by PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS, although we
could move more code if additional issues emerge.
This will need to be back-patched, but first let's see what the
buildfarm makes of it.
Patch by me, with some help from Ashutosh Sharma
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CANFyU97OVQ3+Mzfmt3MhuUm5NwPU=-FtbNH5Eb7nZL9ua8=rcA@mail.gmail.com
Robert Haas