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postgres/src/bin/initdb/initdb.sh

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#! /bin/sh
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# initdb creates (initializes) a PostgreSQL database cluster (site,
# instance, installation, whatever). A database cluster is a
# collection of PostgreSQL databases all managed by the same postmaster.
#
# To create the database cluster, we create the directory that contains
# all its data, create the files that hold the global tables, create
# a few other control files for it, and create two databases: the
# template0 and template1 databases.
#
# The template databases are ordinary PostgreSQL databases. template0
# is never supposed to change after initdb, whereas template1 can be
# changed to add site-local standard data. Either one can be copied
# to produce a new database.
#
# Optionally, we can skip creating the complete database cluster and
# just create (or replace) the template databases.
#
# To create all those things, we run the postgres (backend) program and
# feed it data from the bki files that were installed.
#
#
# Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
#
# $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/bin/initdb/Attic/initdb.sh,v 1.118 2000/12/31 22:24:14 tgl Exp $
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
##########################################################################
#
# INITIALIZATION
exit_nicely(){
stty echo > /dev/null 2>&1
echo 1>&2
echo "$CMDNAME failed." 1>&2
if [ "$noclean" != yes ]; then
if [ "$template_only" != yes ] && [ "$made_new_pgdata" = yes ]; then
echo "Removing $PGDATA." 1>&2
rm -rf "$PGDATA" || echo "Failed." 1>&2
fi
echo "Removing temp file $TEMPFILE." 1>&2
rm -rf "$TEMPFILE" || echo "Failed." 1>&2
else
echo "Data directory $PGDATA will not be removed at user's request." 1>&2
fi
exit 1
}
CMDNAME=`basename $0`
# Placed here during build
VERSION='@VERSION@'
bindir='@bindir@'
# Note that "datadir" is not the directory we're initializing, it's
# merely how Autoconf names PREFIX/share.
datadir='@datadir@'
# as set by configure --enable-multibyte[=XXX].
MULTIBYTE='@MULTIBYTE@'
if [ "$TMPDIR" ]; then
TEMPFILE="$TMPDIR/initdb.$$"
else
TEMPFILE="/tmp/initdb.$$"
fi
# Check for echo -n vs echo \c
if echo '\c' | grep -s c >/dev/null 2>&1
then
ECHO_N="echo -n"
ECHO_C=""
else
ECHO_N="echo"
ECHO_C='\c'
fi
#
# Find out where we're located
#
if echo "$0" | grep '/' > /dev/null 2>&1
then
# explicit dir name given
self_path=`echo $0 | sed 's,/[^/]*$,,'` # (dirname command is not portable)
else
# look for it in PATH ('which' command is not portable)
for dir in `echo "$PATH" | sed 's/:/ /g'`
do
# empty entry in path means current dir
[ -z "$dir" ] && dir='.'
if [ -f "$dir/$CMDNAME" ]
then
self_path="$dir"
break
fi
done
fi
# Check for right version of backend. First we check for an
# executable in the same directory is this initdb script (presuming
# the above code worked). Then we fall back to the hard-wired bindir.
# We do it in this order because during upgrades users might move
# their trees to backup places, so $bindir might be inaccurate.
if [ x"$self_path" != x"" ] \
&& [ -x "$self_path/postgres" ] \
&& [ x"`$self_path/postgres -V 2>/dev/null`" = x"postgres (PostgreSQL) $VERSION" ]
then
PGPATH=$self_path
elif [ -x "$bindir/postgres" ]; then
if [ x"`$bindir/postgres -V 2>/dev/null`" = x"postgres (PostgreSQL) $VERSION" ]
then
PGPATH=$bindir
else
echo "The program '$bindir/postgres' needed by $CMDNAME does not belong to" 1>&2
echo "PostgreSQL version $VERSION. Check your installation." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
else
echo "The program 'postgres' is needed by $CMDNAME but was not found in" 1>&2
echo "the directory '$bindir'. Check your installation." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
# Now we can assume that 'pg_id' belongs to the same version as the
# verified 'postgres' in the same directory.
if [ ! -x "$PGPATH/pg_id" ]; then
echo "The program 'pg_id' is needed by $CMDNAME but was not found in" 1>&2
echo "the directory '$PGPATH'. Check your installation." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
EffectiveUser=`$PGPATH/pg_id -n -u`
if [ -z "$EffectiveUser" ]; then
echo "$CMDNAME: could not determine current user name" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
if [ `$PGPATH/pg_id -u` -eq 0 ]
then
echo "You cannot run $CMDNAME as root. Please log in (using, e.g., 'su')" 1>&2
echo "as the (unprivileged) user that will own the server process." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
short_version=`echo $VERSION | sed -e 's!^\([0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\).*!\1!'`
if [ x"$short_version" = x"" ] ; then
echo "$CMDNAME: bug: version number has wrong format" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
##########################################################################
#
# COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
# 0 is the default (non-)encoding
MULTIBYTEID=0
# Set defaults:
debug=
noclean=
template_only=
show_setting=
# Note: There is a single compelling reason that the name of the database
# superuser be the same as the Unix user owning the server process:
# The single user postgres backend will only connect as the database
# user with the same name as the Unix user running it. That's
# a security measure.
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERNAME="$EffectiveUser"
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID=`$PGPATH/pg_id -u`
while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]
do
case "$1" in
--help|-\?)
usage=t
break
;;
--version|-V)
echo "initdb (PostgreSQL) $VERSION"
exit 0
;;
--debug|-d)
debug=yes
echo "Running with debug mode on."
;;
--show|-s)
show_setting=yes
;;
--noclean|-n)
noclean=yes
echo "Running with noclean mode on. Mistakes will not be cleaned up."
;;
--template|-t)
template_only=yes
echo "Updating template0 and template1 databases only."
;;
# The sysid of the database superuser. Can be freely changed.
--sysid|-i)
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID="$2"
shift;;
--sysid=*)
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--sysid=//'`
;;
-i*)
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID=`echo $1 | sed 's/^-i//'`
;;
# The default password of the database superuser.
# Make initdb prompt for the default password of the database superuser.
--pwprompt|-W)
PwPrompt=1
;;
# Directory where to install the data. No default, unless the environment
# variable PGDATA is set.
--pgdata|-D)
PGDATA="$2"
shift;;
--pgdata=*)
PGDATA=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--pgdata=//'`
;;
-D*)
PGDATA=`echo $1 | sed 's/^-D//'`
;;
# The directory where the database templates are stored. Normally
# they are in PREFIX/share and this option should be unnecessary.
-L)
datadir="$2"
shift;;
-L*)
datadir=`echo $1 | sed 's/^-L//'`
;;
# The encoding of the template1 database. Defaults to what you chose
# at configure time. (see above)
--encoding|-E)
MULTIBYTE="$2"
shift;;
--encoding=*)
MULTIBYTE=`echo $1 | sed 's/^--encoding=//'`
;;
-E*)
MULTIBYTE=`echo $1 | sed 's/^-E//'`
;;
-*)
echo "$CMDNAME: invalid option: $1"
echo "Try '$CMDNAME --help' for more information."
exit 1
;;
*)
PGDATA=$1
;;
esac
shift
done
if [ "$usage" ]; then
echo "$CMDNAME initializes a PostgreSQL database cluster."
echo
echo "Usage:"
echo " $CMDNAME [options] datadir"
echo
echo "Options:"
echo " [-D, --pgdata] DATADIR Location for this database cluster"
echo " -W, --pwprompt Prompt for a password for the new superuser"
if [ -n "$MULTIBYTE" ] ; then
echo " -E, --encoding ENCODING Set the default multibyte encoding for new databases"
fi
echo " -i, --sysid SYSID Database sysid for the superuser"
echo "Less commonly used options: "
echo " -L DIRECTORY Where to find the input files"
echo " -t, --template Re-initialize template databases only"
echo " -d, --debug Generate lots of debugging output"
echo " -n, --noclean Do not clean up after errors"
echo
echo "Report bugs to <pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org>."
exit 0
fi
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Resolve the multibyte encoding name
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "$MULTIBYTE" ]
then
MULTIBYTEID=`$PGPATH/pg_encoding $MULTIBYTE`
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]
then
(
echo "$CMDNAME: pg_encoding failed"
echo
echo "Perhaps you did not configure PostgreSQL for multibyte support or"
echo "the program was not successfully installed."
) 1>&2
exit 1
fi
if [ -z "$MULTIBYTEID" ]
then
echo "$CMDNAME: $MULTIBYTE is not a valid encoding name" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
fi
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Make sure he told us where to build the database system
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ -z "$PGDATA" ]
then
(
echo "$CMDNAME: You must identify where the the data for this database"
echo "system will reside. Do this with either a -D invocation"
echo "option or a PGDATA environment variable."
) 1>&2
exit 1
fi
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Find the input files
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATE1_BKI="$datadir"/template1.bki
GLOBAL_BKI="$datadir"/global.bki
TEMPLATE1_DESCR="$datadir"/template1.description
GLOBAL_DESCR="$datadir"/global.description
PG_HBA_SAMPLE="$datadir"/pg_hba.conf.sample
PG_IDENT_SAMPLE="$datadir"/pg_ident.conf.sample
POSTGRESQL_CONF_SAMPLE="$datadir"/postgresql.conf.sample
if [ "$show_setting" = yes ] || [ "$debug" = yes ]
then
echo
echo "Initdb variables:"
for var in PGDATA datadir PGPATH TEMPFILE MULTIBYTE MULTIBYTEID \
POSTGRES_SUPERUSERNAME POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID TEMPLATE1_BKI GLOBAL_BKI \
TEMPLATE1_DESCR GLOBAL_DESCR POSTGRESQL_CONF_SAMPLE \
PG_HBA_SAMPLE PG_IDENT_SAMPLE ; do
eval "echo ' '$var=\$$var"
done
fi
if [ "$show_setting" = yes ] ; then
exit 0
fi
for PREREQ_FILE in "$TEMPLATE1_BKI" "$GLOBAL_BKI" "$PG_HBA_SAMPLE" \
"$PG_IDENT_SAMPLE"
do
if [ ! -f "$PREREQ_FILE" ] ; then
(
echo "$CMDNAME does not find the file '$PREREQ_FILE'."
echo "This means you have a corrupted installation or identified the"
echo "wrong directory with the -L invocation option."
) 1>&2
exit 1
fi
done
for file in "$TEMPLATE1_BKI" "$GLOBAL_BKI"; do
if [ x"`sed 1q $file`" != x"# PostgreSQL $short_version" ]; then
(
echo "The input file '$file' needed by $CMDNAME does not"
echo "belong to PostgreSQL $VERSION. Check your installation or specify the"
echo "correct path using the -L option."
) 1>&2
exit 1
fi
done
trap 'echo "Caught signal." ; exit_nicely' 1 2 3 15
# Let's go
echo "This database system will be initialized with username \"$POSTGRES_SUPERUSERNAME\"."
echo "This user will own all the data files and must also own the server process."
echo
##########################################################################
#
# CREATE DATABASE DIRECTORY
# umask must disallow access to group, other for files and dirs
umask 077
# find out if directory is empty
pgdata_contents=`ls -A "$PGDATA" 2>/dev/null`
if [ x"$pgdata_contents" != x ]
then
if [ "$template_only" != yes ]
then
(
echo "$CMDNAME: The directory $PGDATA exists but is not empty."
echo "If you want to create a new database system, either remove or empty"
echo "the directory $PGDATA or run initdb with an argument"
echo "other than $PGDATA."
) 1>&2
exit 1
fi
else
if [ ! -d "$PGDATA" ]; then
echo "Creating directory $PGDATA"
mkdir -p "$PGDATA" >/dev/null 2>&1 || mkdir "$PGDATA" || exit_nicely
made_new_pgdata=yes
else
echo "Fixing permissions on existing directory $PGDATA"
chmod go-rwx "$PGDATA" || exit_nicely
fi
if [ ! -d "$PGDATA"/base ]
then
echo "Creating directory $PGDATA/base"
mkdir "$PGDATA"/base || exit_nicely
fi
if [ ! -d "$PGDATA"/global ]
then
echo "Creating directory $PGDATA/global"
mkdir "$PGDATA"/global || exit_nicely
fi
if [ ! -d "$PGDATA"/pg_xlog ]
then
echo "Creating directory $PGDATA/pg_xlog"
mkdir "$PGDATA"/pg_xlog || exit_nicely
fi
fi
##########################################################################
#
# CREATE TEMPLATE1 DATABASE
rm -rf "$PGDATA"/base/1 || exit_nicely
mkdir "$PGDATA"/base/1 || exit_nicely
if [ "$debug" = yes ]
then
BACKEND_TALK_ARG="-d"
else
BACKEND_TALK_ARG="-Q"
fi
BACKENDARGS="-boot -C -F -D$PGDATA $BACKEND_TALK_ARG"
FIRSTRUN="-boot -x1 -C -F -D$PGDATA $BACKEND_TALK_ARG"
echo "Creating template1 database in $PGDATA/base/1"
[ "$debug" = yes ] && echo "Running: $PGPATH/postgres $FIRSTRUN template1"
cat "$TEMPLATE1_BKI" \
| sed -e "s/PGUID/$POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID/g" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $FIRSTRUN template1 \
|| exit_nicely
echo $short_version > "$PGDATA"/base/1/PG_VERSION || exit_nicely
##########################################################################
#
# CREATE GLOBAL TABLES
#
# XXX --- I do not believe the "template_only" option can actually work.
# With this coding, it'll fail to make entries for pg_shadow etc. in
# template1 ... tgl 11/2000
if [ "$template_only" != yes ]
then
echo "Creating global relations in $PGDATA/global"
[ "$debug" = yes ] && echo "Running: $PGPATH/postgres $BACKENDARGS template1"
cat "$GLOBAL_BKI" \
| sed -e "s/POSTGRES/$POSTGRES_SUPERUSERNAME/g" \
-e "s/PGUID/$POSTGRES_SUPERUSERID/g" \
-e "s/ENCODING/$MULTIBYTEID/g" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $BACKENDARGS template1 \
|| exit_nicely
echo $short_version > "$PGDATA/PG_VERSION" || exit_nicely
cp "$PG_HBA_SAMPLE" "$PGDATA"/pg_hba.conf || exit_nicely
cp "$PG_IDENT_SAMPLE" "$PGDATA"/pg_ident.conf || exit_nicely
cp "$POSTGRESQL_CONF_SAMPLE" "$PGDATA"/postgresql.conf || exit_nicely
chmod 0600 "$PGDATA"/pg_hba.conf "$PGDATA"/pg_ident.conf \
"$PGDATA"/postgresql.conf
fi
##########################################################################
#
# CREATE VIEWS and other things
echo "Initializing pg_shadow."
PGSQL_OPT="-o /dev/null -O -F -D$PGDATA"
# Create a trigger so that direct updates to pg_shadow will be written
# to the flat password file pg_pwd
echo "CREATE TRIGGER pg_sync_pg_pwd AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON pg_shadow" \
"FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE update_pg_pwd()" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
# needs to be done before alter user
echo "REVOKE ALL on pg_shadow FROM public" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
# set up password
if [ "$PwPrompt" ]; then
$ECHO_N "Enter new superuser password: "$ECHO_C
stty -echo > /dev/null 2>&1
read FirstPw
stty echo > /dev/null 2>&1
echo
$ECHO_N "Enter it again: "$ECHO_C
stty -echo > /dev/null 2>&1
read SecondPw
stty echo > /dev/null 2>&1
echo
if [ "$FirstPw" != "$SecondPw" ]; then
echo "Passwords didn't match." 1>&2
exit_nicely
fi
echo "ALTER USER \"$POSTGRES_SUPERUSERNAME\" WITH PASSWORD '$FirstPw'" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
if [ ! -f $PGDATA/pg_pwd ]; then
echo "The password file wasn't generated. Please report this problem." 1>&2
exit_nicely
fi
echo "Setting password"
fi
echo "Enabling unlimited row width for system tables."
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_attrdef CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_description CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_proc CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_relcheck CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_rewrite CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "ALTER TABLE pg_statistic CREATE TOAST TABLE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "Creating system views."
echo "CREATE VIEW pg_user AS \
SELECT \
usename, \
usesysid, \
usecreatedb, \
usetrace, \
usesuper, \
usecatupd, \
'********'::text as passwd, \
valuntil \
FROM pg_shadow" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "CREATE VIEW pg_rules AS \
SELECT \
C.relname AS tablename, \
R.rulename AS rulename, \
pg_get_ruledef(R.rulename) AS definition \
FROM pg_rewrite R, pg_class C \
WHERE R.rulename !~ '^_RET' \
AND C.oid = R.ev_class;" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "CREATE VIEW pg_views AS \
SELECT \
C.relname AS viewname, \
pg_get_userbyid(C.relowner) AS viewowner, \
pg_get_viewdef(C.relname) AS definition \
FROM pg_class C \
WHERE C.relkind = 'v';" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
# XXX why does pg_tables include sequences?
echo "CREATE VIEW pg_tables AS \
SELECT \
C.relname AS tablename, \
pg_get_userbyid(C.relowner) AS tableowner, \
C.relhasindex AS hasindexes, \
C.relhasrules AS hasrules, \
(C.reltriggers > 0) AS hastriggers \
FROM pg_class C \
WHERE C.relkind IN ('r', 's');" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "CREATE VIEW pg_indexes AS \
SELECT \
C.relname AS tablename, \
I.relname AS indexname, \
pg_get_indexdef(X.indexrelid) AS indexdef \
FROM pg_index X, pg_class C, pg_class I \
WHERE C.relkind = 'r' AND I.relkind = 'i' \
AND C.oid = X.indrelid \
AND I.oid = X.indexrelid;" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "Loading pg_description."
echo "COPY pg_description FROM STDIN" > $TEMPFILE
cat "$TEMPLATE1_DESCR" >> $TEMPFILE
cat "$GLOBAL_DESCR" >> $TEMPFILE
cat $TEMPFILE \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
rm -f "$TEMPFILE" || exit_nicely
echo "Setting lastsysoid."
echo "UPDATE pg_database SET \
datistemplate = 't', \
datlastsysoid = (SELECT max(oid) FROM pg_description) \
WHERE datname = 'template1'" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "Vacuuming database."
echo "VACUUM ANALYZE" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "Copying template1 to template0."
echo "CREATE DATABASE template0" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "UPDATE pg_database SET \
datistemplate = 't', \
datallowconn = 'f' \
WHERE datname = 'template0'" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
echo "VACUUM pg_database" \
| "$PGPATH"/postgres $PGSQL_OPT template1 > /dev/null || exit_nicely
##########################################################################
#
# FINISHED
echo
echo "Success. You can now start the database server using:"
echo ""
echo " $PGPATH/postmaster -D $PGDATA"
echo "or"
echo " $PGPATH/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA start"
echo
exit 0