diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/CAS.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/CAS.pm
index 507496afc..460f31443 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/CAS.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/CAS.pm
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{issuerDBCASRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad CAS activation rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/Get.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/Get.pm
index 1e05bb247..ab2c2f27e 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/Get.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/Get.pm
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{issuerDBGetRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error( "Bad GET activation rule -> $error" );
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenID.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenID.pm
index 72930540d..9a20e8623 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenID.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenID.pm
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{issuerDBOpenIDRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error( "Bad OpenID activation rule -> $error" );
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenIDConnect.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenIDConnect.pm
index fe6558d9e..d0501c799 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenIDConnect.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/OpenIDConnect.pm
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ sub init {
       $hd->buildSub(
         $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{issuerDBOpenIDConnectRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error( "Bad OIDC activation rule -> $error" );
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/SAML.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/SAML.pm
index 565f80717..07f82ebd8 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/SAML.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Issuer/SAML.pm
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{issuerDBSAMLRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error( "Bad SAML activation rule -> $error" );
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/CheckUser.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/CheckUser.pm
index 453b02c40..2aead3ab8 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/CheckUser.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/CheckUser.pm
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{checkUserIdRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad checkUser identities rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/ContextSwitching.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/ContextSwitching.pm
index ca22ed52c..a85962269 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/ContextSwitching.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/ContextSwitching.pm
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{contextSwitchingRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad contextSwitching rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ sub init {
     $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{contextSwitchingIdRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad contextSwitching identities rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/DecryptValue.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/DecryptValue.pm
index 75bbd9a23..1d438f425 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/DecryptValue.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/DecryptValue.pm
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{decryptValueRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad decryptValue rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GlobalLogout.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GlobalLogout.pm
index 8abe79391..fc07402cf 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GlobalLogout.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GlobalLogout.pm
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{globalLogoutRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad globalLogout rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GrantSession.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GrantSession.pm
index d1d857484..c448ee4aa 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GrantSession.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/GrantSession.pm
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ sub init {
           $hd->buildSub(
             $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{grantSessionRules}->{$_} ) );
         unless ($rule) {
-            my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+            my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
             $self->error("Bad grantSession rule -> $error");
             return 0;
         }
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ sub run {
                 my $hd  = $self->p->HANDLER;
                 my $msg = $hd->substitute($1);
                 unless ( $msg = $hd->buildSub($msg) ) {
-                    my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+                    my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
                     $self->error("Bad message -> $error");
                     return PE_OK;
                 }
diff --git a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/Impersonation.pm b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/Impersonation.pm
index 9787e31e7..44d28d73a 100644
--- a/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/Impersonation.pm
+++ b/lemonldap-ng-portal/lib/Lemonldap/NG/Portal/Plugins/Impersonation.pm
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sub init {
     my $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{impersonationRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad impersonation rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ sub init {
     $rule =
       $hd->buildSub( $hd->substitute( $self->conf->{impersonationIdRule} ) );
     unless ($rule) {
-        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '';
+        my $error = $hd->tsv->{jail}->error || '???';
         $self->error("Bad impersonation identities rule -> $error");
         return 0;
     }