mirror of https://github.com/postgres/postgres
This is the SQL standard-conforming variant of PostgreSQL's serial columns. It fixes a few usability issues that serial columns have: - CREATE TABLE / LIKE copies default but refers to same sequence - cannot add/drop serialness with ALTER TABLE - dropping default does not drop sequence - need to grant separate privileges to sequence - other slight weirdnesses because serial is some kind of special macro Reviewed-by: Vitaly Burovoy <vitaly.burovoy@gmail.com>pull/3/merge
Peter Eisentraut
9 years ago
parent
6bad580d9e
commit
3217327053
@ -0,0 +1,322 @@ |
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-- sanity check of system catalog |
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SELECT attrelid, attname, attidentity FROM pg_attribute WHERE attidentity NOT IN ('', 'a', 'd'); |
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attrelid | attname | attidentity |
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----------+---------+------------- |
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(0 rows) |
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CREATE TABLE itest1 (a int generated by default as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest2 (a bigint generated always as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest3 (a smallint generated by default as identity (start with 7 increment by 5), b text); |
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ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest3" is already an identity column |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, column_default, is_nullable, is_identity, identity_generation, identity_start, identity_increment, identity_maximum, identity_minimum, identity_cycle FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name LIKE 'itest_' ORDER BY 1, 2; |
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table_name | column_name | column_default | is_nullable | is_identity | identity_generation | identity_start | identity_increment | identity_maximum | identity_minimum | identity_cycle |
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------------+-------------+----------------+-------------+-------------+---------------------+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+------------------+---------------- |
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itest1 | a | | NO | YES | BY DEFAULT | 1 | 1 | 2147483647 | 1 | NO |
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itest1 | b | | YES | NO | | | | | | NO |
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itest2 | a | | NO | YES | ALWAYS | 1 | 1 | 9223372036854775807 | 1 | NO |
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itest2 | b | | YES | NO | | | | | | NO |
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itest3 | a | | NO | YES | BY DEFAULT | 7 | 5 | 32767 | 1 | NO |
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itest3 | b | | YES | NO | | | | | | NO |
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(6 rows) |
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-- internal sequences should not be shown here |
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SELECT sequence_name FROM information_schema.sequences WHERE sequence_name LIKE 'itest%'; |
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sequence_name |
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--------------- |
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(0 rows) |
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CREATE TABLE itest4 (a int, b text); |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, requires NOT NULL |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest4" must be declared NOT NULL before identity can be added |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a SET NOT NULL; |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- ok |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP NOT NULL; -- error, disallowed |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest4" is an identity column |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, already set |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest4" is already an identity column |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN b ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, wrong data type |
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ERROR: identity column type must be smallint, integer, or bigint |
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-- for later |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN b SET DEFAULT ''; |
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-- invalid column type |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_1 (a text generated by default as identity); |
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ERROR: identity column type must be smallint, integer, or bigint |
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-- duplicate identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_2 (a int generated always as identity generated by default as identity); |
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ERROR: multiple identity specifications for column "a" of table "itest_err_2" |
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LINE 1: ...E itest_err_2 (a int generated always as identity generated ... |
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^ |
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-- cannot have default and identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_3 (a int default 5 generated by default as identity); |
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ERROR: both default and identity specified for column "a" of table "itest_err_3" |
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LINE 1: CREATE TABLE itest_err_3 (a int default 5 generated by defau... |
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^ |
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-- cannot combine serial and identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_4 (a serial generated by default as identity); |
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ERROR: both default and identity specified for column "a" of table "itest_err_4" |
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INSERT INTO itest1 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest1 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest2 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest2 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest3 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest3 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(2 rows) |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(2 rows) |
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SELECT * FROM itest3; |
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a | b |
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----+--- |
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7 | |
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12 | |
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(2 rows) |
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SELECT * FROM itest4; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(2 rows) |
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-- OVERRIDING tests |
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INSERT INTO itest1 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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INSERT INTO itest1 OVERRIDING USER VALUE VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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a | b |
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----+----- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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10 | xyz |
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3 | xyz |
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(4 rows) |
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INSERT INTO itest2 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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ERROR: cannot insert into column "a" |
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DETAIL: Column "a" is an identity column defined as GENERATED ALWAYS. |
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HINT: Use OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE to override. |
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INSERT INTO itest2 OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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a | b |
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----+----- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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10 | xyz |
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(3 rows) |
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-- UPDATE tests |
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UPDATE itest1 SET a = 101 WHERE a = 1; |
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UPDATE itest1 SET a = DEFAULT WHERE a = 2; |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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a | b |
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-----+----- |
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10 | xyz |
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3 | xyz |
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101 | |
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4 | |
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(4 rows) |
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UPDATE itest2 SET a = 101 WHERE a = 1; |
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ERROR: column "a" can only be updated to DEFAULT |
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DETAIL: Column "a" is an identity column defined as GENERATED ALWAYS. |
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UPDATE itest2 SET a = DEFAULT WHERE a = 2; |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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a | b |
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----+----- |
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1 | |
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10 | xyz |
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3 | |
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(3 rows) |
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-- DROP IDENTITY tests |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; -- error |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest4" is not an identity column |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY IF EXISTS; -- noop |
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NOTICE: column "a" of relation "itest4" is not an identity column, skipping |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; -- fails because NOT NULL is not dropped |
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ERROR: null value in column "a" violates not-null constraint |
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, ). |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP NOT NULL; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest4; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(3 rows) |
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-- check that sequence is removed |
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SELECT sequence_name FROM itest4_a_seq; |
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ERROR: relation "itest4_a_seq" does not exist |
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LINE 1: SELECT sequence_name FROM itest4_a_seq; |
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^ |
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-- test views |
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CREATE TABLE itest10 (a int generated by default as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest11 (a int generated always as identity, b text); |
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CREATE VIEW itestv10 AS SELECT * FROM itest10; |
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CREATE VIEW itestv11 AS SELECT * FROM itest11; |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itestv11 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itestv11 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itestv10; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(2 rows) |
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SELECT * FROM itestv11; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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(2 rows) |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 OVERRIDING USER VALUE VALUES (11, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itestv10; |
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a | b |
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----+----- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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10 | xyz |
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3 | xyz |
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(4 rows) |
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INSERT INTO itestv11 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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ERROR: cannot insert into column "a" |
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DETAIL: Column "a" is an identity column defined as GENERATED ALWAYS. |
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HINT: Use OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE to override. |
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INSERT INTO itestv11 OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE VALUES (11, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itestv11; |
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a | b |
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----+----- |
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1 | |
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2 | |
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11 | xyz |
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(3 rows) |
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-- various ALTER COLUMN tests |
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-- fail, not allowed for identity columns |
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ALTER TABLE itest1 ALTER COLUMN a SET DEFAULT 1; |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest1" is an identity column |
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-- fail, not allowed, already has a default |
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CREATE TABLE itest5 (a serial, b text); |
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ALTER TABLE itest5 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; |
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ERROR: column "a" of relation "itest5" already has a default value |
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ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a TYPE int; |
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SELECT seqtypid::regtype FROM pg_sequence WHERE seqrelid = 'itest3_a_seq'::regclass; |
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seqtypid |
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---------- |
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integer |
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(1 row) |
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\d itest3 |
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Table "public.itest3" |
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Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default |
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--------+---------+-----------+----------+---------------------------------- |
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a | integer | | not null | generated by default as identity |
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b | text | | | |
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ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a TYPE text; -- error |
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ERROR: identity column type must be smallint, integer, or bigint |
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-- ALTER COLUMN ... SET |
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CREATE TABLE itest6 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY, b text); |
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INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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ALTER TABLE itest6 ALTER COLUMN a SET GENERATED BY DEFAULT SET INCREMENT BY 2 SET START WITH 100 RESTART; |
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INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest6; |
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a | b |
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-----+--- |
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1 | |
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100 | |
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102 | |
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(3 rows) |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_identity, identity_generation FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'itest6'; |
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table_name | column_name | is_identity | identity_generation |
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------------+-------------+-------------+--------------------- |
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itest6 | a | YES | BY DEFAULT |
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itest6 | b | NO | |
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(2 rows) |
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ALTER TABLE itest6 ALTER COLUMN b SET INCREMENT BY 2; -- fail, not identity |
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ERROR: column "b" of relation "itest6" is not an identity column |
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-- prohibited direct modification of sequence |
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ALTER SEQUENCE itest6_a_seq OWNED BY NONE; |
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ERROR: cannot change ownership of identity sequence |
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DETAIL: Sequence "itest6_a_seq" is linked to table "itest6". |
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-- inheritance |
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CREATE TABLE itest7 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY); |
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INSERT INTO itest7 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest7; |
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a |
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--- |
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1 |
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(1 row) |
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-- identity property is not inherited |
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CREATE TABLE itest7a (b text) INHERITS (itest7); |
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-- make column identity in child table |
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CREATE TABLE itest7b (a int); |
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CREATE TABLE itest7c (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY) INHERITS (itest7b); |
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NOTICE: merging column "a" with inherited definition |
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INSERT INTO itest7c DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest7c; |
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a |
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--- |
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1 |
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(1 row) |
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CREATE TABLE itest7d (a int not null); |
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CREATE TABLE itest7e () INHERITS (itest7d); |
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ALTER TABLE itest7d ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; |
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ALTER TABLE itest7d ADD COLUMN b int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error |
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ERROR: cannot recursively add identity column to table that has child tables |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, is_nullable, is_identity, identity_generation FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name LIKE 'itest7%' ORDER BY 1, 2; |
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table_name | column_name | is_nullable | is_identity | identity_generation |
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------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+--------------------- |
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itest7 | a | NO | YES | ALWAYS |
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itest7a | a | NO | NO | |
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itest7a | b | YES | NO | |
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itest7b | a | YES | NO | |
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itest7c | a | NO | YES | ALWAYS |
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itest7d | a | NO | YES | ALWAYS |
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itest7e | a | NO | NO | |
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(7 rows) |
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-- These ALTER TABLE variants will not recurse. |
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ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a SET GENERATED BY DEFAULT; |
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ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a RESTART; |
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ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; |
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-- privileges |
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CREATE USER regress_user1; |
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CREATE TABLE itest8 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY, b text); |
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GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON itest8 TO regress_user1; |
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SET ROLE regress_user1; |
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INSERT INTO itest8 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest8; |
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a | b |
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---+--- |
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1 | |
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(1 row) |
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RESET ROLE; |
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DROP TABLE itest8; |
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DROP USER regress_user1; |
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@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ |
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-- sanity check of system catalog |
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SELECT attrelid, attname, attidentity FROM pg_attribute WHERE attidentity NOT IN ('', 'a', 'd'); |
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CREATE TABLE itest1 (a int generated by default as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest2 (a bigint generated always as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest3 (a smallint generated by default as identity (start with 7 increment by 5), b text); |
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ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error |
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SELECT table_name, column_name, column_default, is_nullable, is_identity, identity_generation, identity_start, identity_increment, identity_maximum, identity_minimum, identity_cycle FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name LIKE 'itest_' ORDER BY 1, 2; |
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-- internal sequences should not be shown here |
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SELECT sequence_name FROM information_schema.sequences WHERE sequence_name LIKE 'itest%'; |
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CREATE TABLE itest4 (a int, b text); |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, requires NOT NULL |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a SET NOT NULL; |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- ok |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP NOT NULL; -- error, disallowed |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, already set |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN b ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error, wrong data type |
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-- for later |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN b SET DEFAULT ''; |
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-- invalid column type |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_1 (a text generated by default as identity); |
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-- duplicate identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_2 (a int generated always as identity generated by default as identity); |
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-- cannot have default and identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_3 (a int default 5 generated by default as identity); |
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-- cannot combine serial and identity |
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CREATE TABLE itest_err_4 (a serial generated by default as identity); |
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INSERT INTO itest1 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest1 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest2 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest2 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest3 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest3 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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SELECT * FROM itest3; |
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SELECT * FROM itest4; |
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-- OVERRIDING tests |
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INSERT INTO itest1 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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INSERT INTO itest1 OVERRIDING USER VALUE VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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INSERT INTO itest2 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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INSERT INTO itest2 OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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-- UPDATE tests |
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UPDATE itest1 SET a = 101 WHERE a = 1; |
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UPDATE itest1 SET a = DEFAULT WHERE a = 2; |
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SELECT * FROM itest1; |
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UPDATE itest2 SET a = 101 WHERE a = 1; |
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UPDATE itest2 SET a = DEFAULT WHERE a = 2; |
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SELECT * FROM itest2; |
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-- DROP IDENTITY tests |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; -- error |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY IF EXISTS; -- noop |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; -- fails because NOT NULL is not dropped |
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ALTER TABLE itest4 ALTER COLUMN a DROP NOT NULL; |
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INSERT INTO itest4 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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SELECT * FROM itest4; |
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-- check that sequence is removed |
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SELECT sequence_name FROM itest4_a_seq; |
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-- test views |
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CREATE TABLE itest10 (a int generated by default as identity, b text); |
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CREATE TABLE itest11 (a int generated always as identity, b text); |
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CREATE VIEW itestv10 AS SELECT * FROM itest10; |
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CREATE VIEW itestv11 AS SELECT * FROM itest11; |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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INSERT INTO itestv10 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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|
INSERT INTO itestv11 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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|
INSERT INTO itestv11 DEFAULT VALUES; |
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|
|
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itestv10; |
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|
SELECT * FROM itestv11; |
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|
|
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itestv10 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itestv10 OVERRIDING USER VALUE VALUES (11, 'xyz'); |
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|
|
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itestv10; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itestv11 VALUES (10, 'xyz'); |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itestv11 OVERRIDING SYSTEM VALUE VALUES (11, 'xyz'); |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itestv11; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- various ALTER COLUMN tests |
||||||
|
|
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|
-- fail, not allowed for identity columns |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest1 ALTER COLUMN a SET DEFAULT 1; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- fail, not allowed, already has a default |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest5 (a serial, b text); |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest5 ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a TYPE int; |
||||||
|
SELECT seqtypid::regtype FROM pg_sequence WHERE seqrelid = 'itest3_a_seq'::regclass; |
||||||
|
\d itest3 |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest3 ALTER COLUMN a TYPE text; -- error |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- ALTER COLUMN ... SET |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest6 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY, b text); |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest6 ALTER COLUMN a SET GENERATED BY DEFAULT SET INCREMENT BY 2 SET START WITH 100 RESTART; |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest6 DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itest6; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SELECT table_name, column_name, is_identity, identity_generation FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = 'itest6'; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest6 ALTER COLUMN b SET INCREMENT BY 2; -- fail, not identity |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- prohibited direct modification of sequence |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ALTER SEQUENCE itest6_a_seq OWNED BY NONE; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- inheritance |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY); |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest7 DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itest7; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- identity property is not inherited |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7a (b text) INHERITS (itest7); |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- make column identity in child table |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7b (a int); |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7c (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY) INHERITS (itest7b); |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest7c DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itest7c; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7d (a int not null); |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest7e () INHERITS (itest7d); |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest7d ALTER COLUMN a ADD GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest7d ADD COLUMN b int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY; -- error |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SELECT table_name, column_name, is_nullable, is_identity, identity_generation FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name LIKE 'itest7%' ORDER BY 1, 2; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- These ALTER TABLE variants will not recurse. |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a SET GENERATED BY DEFAULT; |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a RESTART; |
||||||
|
ALTER TABLE itest7 ALTER COLUMN a DROP IDENTITY; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-- privileges |
||||||
|
CREATE USER regress_user1; |
||||||
|
CREATE TABLE itest8 (a int GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY, b text); |
||||||
|
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON itest8 TO regress_user1; |
||||||
|
SET ROLE regress_user1; |
||||||
|
INSERT INTO itest8 DEFAULT VALUES; |
||||||
|
SELECT * FROM itest8; |
||||||
|
RESET ROLE; |
||||||
|
DROP TABLE itest8; |
||||||
|
DROP USER regress_user1; |
||||||
Loading…
Reference in new issue