Map and unmap the shared memory block before risking VirtualFree.

The idea here is to get Windows' userspace infrastructure to allocate
whatever space it needs for MapViewOfFileEx() before we release the
locked-down space that we want to map the shared memory block into.

This is a fairly brute-force attempt, and would likely (for example)
fail with large shared memory on 32-bit Windows.  We could perhaps
ameliorate that by mapping only part of the shared memory block in
this way, but for the moment I just want to see if this approach
will fix dory's problem.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/25495.1524517820@sss.pgh.pa.us

src/backend/port/win32_shmem.c

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ dumpmem(StringInfo buf, const char *reason)
 	char	   *addr = 0;
 	MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mi;
 
-	appendStringInfo(buf, "%s memory map:", reason);
+	appendStringInfo(buf, "%s memory map:\n", reason);
 	do
 	{
 		memset(&mi, 0, sizeof(mi));
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ dumpmem(StringInfo buf, const char *reason)
 		{
 			if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER)
 				break;
-			appendStringInfo(buf, "\nVirtualQuery failed: %lu", GetLastError());
+			appendStringInfo(buf, "VirtualQuery failed: %lu\n", GetLastError());
 			break;
 		}
-		appendStringInfo(buf, "\n0x%p+0x%p %s (alloc 0x%p) %s",
+		appendStringInfo(buf, "0x%p+0x%p %s (alloc 0x%p) %s\n",
 						 mi.BaseAddress, (void *) mi.RegionSize,
 						 mi_type(mi.Type), mi.AllocationBase,
 						 mi_state(mi.State));
@@ -457,6 +457,22 @@ PGSharedMemoryReAttach(void)
 	initStringInfo(&buf);
 	enlargeStringInfo(&buf, 128 * 1024);
 
+	dumpmem(&buf, "beginning PGSharedMemoryReAttach");
+
+	hdr = (PGShmemHeader *) MapViewOfFileEx(UsedShmemSegID, FILE_MAP_READ | FILE_MAP_WRITE, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (hdr)
+	{
+		if (!UnmapViewOfFile(hdr))
+			elog(LOG, "could not unmap temporary view of shared memory: error code %lu",
+				 GetLastError());
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* This isn't fatal, just unpromising ... */
+		elog(LOG, "could not attach to shared memory (key=%p) at any address: error code %lu",
+			 UsedShmemSegID, GetLastError());
+	}
+
 	dumpmem(&buf, "before VirtualFree");
 
 	/*
@@ -479,6 +495,10 @@ PGSharedMemoryReAttach(void)
 		elog(FATAL, "could not reattach to shared memory (key=%p, addr=%p): error code %lu",
 			 UsedShmemSegID, UsedShmemSegAddr, maperr);
 	}
+
+	dumpmem(&buf, "after MapViewOfFileEx");
+	elog(LOG, "%s", buf.data);
+
 	if (hdr != origUsedShmemSegAddr)
 		elog(FATAL, "reattaching to shared memory returned unexpected address (got %p, expected %p)",
 			 hdr, origUsedShmemSegAddr);