Avoid uselessly building a duplicate of the original clause in trivial cases

where the EquivalenceClass machinery is unable to deduce anything more from a
simple "var = const" qual clause.  There are probably some more cases where
this could be done, but this seems to take care of most of the added overhead
for simple queries.  Per gripe from Guillaume Smet.

In passing, fix a problem that was exposed by this change:
reconsider_outer_join_clause and friends were passing the wrong relids to
build_implied_join_equality, resulting in RestrictInfos with the wrong
required_relids.  This mistake was masked in typical cases since the bogus
RestrictInfos would never have escaped from the EquivalenceClass machinery,
but I think there might be corner cases involving "broken" ECs where there
would have been a visible failure even without the new optimization.  In any
case the code was certainly not operating as intended.

src/backend/optimizer/path/equivclass.c

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/equivclass.c,v 1.6 2007/11/15 22:25:15 momjian Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/path/equivclass.c,v 1.7 2007/11/23 19:57:44 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -559,6 +559,25 @@ generate_base_implied_equalities_const(PlannerInfo *root,
 	EquivalenceMember *const_em = NULL;
 	ListCell   *lc;
 
+	/*
+	 * In the trivial case where we just had one "var = const" clause,
+	 * push the original clause back into the main planner machinery.  There
+	 * is nothing to be gained by doing it differently, and we save the
+	 * effort to re-build and re-analyze an equality clause that will be
+	 * exactly equivalent to the old one.
+	 */
+	if (list_length(ec->ec_members) == 2 &&
+		list_length(ec->ec_sources) == 1)
+	{
+		RestrictInfo *restrictinfo = (RestrictInfo *) linitial(ec->ec_sources);
+
+		if (bms_membership(restrictinfo->required_relids) != BMS_MULTIPLE)
+		{
+			distribute_restrictinfo_to_rels(root, restrictinfo);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
 	/* Find the constant member to use */
 	foreach(lc, ec->ec_members)
 	{
@@ -1047,7 +1066,8 @@ create_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root,
 	rinfo = build_implied_join_equality(opno,
 										leftem->em_expr,
 										rightem->em_expr,
-										ec->ec_relids);
+										bms_union(leftem->em_relids,
+												  rightem->em_relids));
 
 	/* Mark the clause as redundant, or not */
 	rinfo->parent_ec = parent_ec;
@@ -1165,6 +1185,7 @@ reconsider_outer_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo,
 	Oid			left_type,
 				right_type,
 				inner_datatype;
+	Relids		inner_relids;
 	ListCell   *lc1;
 
 	/* Extract needed info from the clause */
@@ -1176,12 +1197,14 @@ reconsider_outer_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo,
 		outervar = (Expr *) get_leftop(rinfo->clause);
 		innervar = (Expr *) get_rightop(rinfo->clause);
 		inner_datatype = right_type;
+		inner_relids = rinfo->right_relids;
 	}
 	else
 	{
 		outervar = (Expr *) get_rightop(rinfo->clause);
 		innervar = (Expr *) get_leftop(rinfo->clause);
 		inner_datatype = left_type;
+		inner_relids = rinfo->left_relids;
 	}
 
 	/* Scan EquivalenceClasses for a match to outervar */
@@ -1237,7 +1260,7 @@ reconsider_outer_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo,
 			newrinfo = build_implied_join_equality(eq_op,
 												   innervar,
 												   cur_em->em_expr,
-												   cur_ec->ec_relids);
+												   inner_relids);
 			if (process_equivalence(root, newrinfo, true))
 				match = true;
 		}
@@ -1268,6 +1291,8 @@ reconsider_full_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo)
 	Expr	   *rightvar;
 	Oid			left_type,
 				right_type;
+	Relids		left_relids,
+				right_relids;
 	ListCell   *lc1;
 
 	/* Extract needed info from the clause */
@@ -1276,6 +1301,8 @@ reconsider_full_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo)
 	rightvar = (Expr *) get_rightop(rinfo->clause);
 	op_input_types(((OpExpr *) rinfo->clause)->opno,
 				   &left_type, &right_type);
+	left_relids = rinfo->left_relids;
+	right_relids = rinfo->right_relids;
 
 	foreach(lc1, root->eq_classes)
 	{
@@ -1357,7 +1384,7 @@ reconsider_full_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo)
 				newrinfo = build_implied_join_equality(eq_op,
 													   leftvar,
 													   cur_em->em_expr,
-													   cur_ec->ec_relids);
+													   left_relids);
 				if (process_equivalence(root, newrinfo, true))
 					matchleft = true;
 			}
@@ -1369,7 +1396,7 @@ reconsider_full_join_clause(PlannerInfo *root, RestrictInfo *rinfo)
 				newrinfo = build_implied_join_equality(eq_op,
 													   rightvar,
 													   cur_em->em_expr,
-													   cur_ec->ec_relids);
+													   right_relids);
 				if (process_equivalence(root, newrinfo, true))
 					matchright = true;
 			}