Reject substituting extension schemas or owners matching ["$'\].

Substituting such values in extension scripts facilitated SQL injection
when @extowner@, @extschema@, or @extschema:...@ appeared inside a
quoting construct (dollar quoting, '', or "").  No bundled extension was
vulnerable.  Vulnerable uses do appear in a documentation example and in
non-bundled extensions.  Hence, the attack prerequisite was an
administrator having installed files of a vulnerable, trusted,
non-bundled extension.  Subject to that prerequisite, this enabled an
attacker having database-level CREATE privilege to execute arbitrary
code as the bootstrap superuser.  By blocking this attack in the core
server, there's no need to modify individual extensions.  Back-patch to
v11 (all supported versions).

Reported by Micah Gate, Valerie Woolard, Tim Carey-Smith, and Christoph
Berg.

Security: CVE-2023-39417

src/backend/commands/extension.c

@@ -996,6 +996,16 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 		char	   *c_sql = read_extension_script_file(control, filename);
 		Datum		t_sql;
 
+		/*
+		 * We filter each substitution through quote_identifier().  When the
+		 * arg contains one of the following characters, no one collection of
+		 * quoting can work inside $$dollar-quoted string literals$$,
+		 * 'single-quoted string literals', and outside of any literal.  To
+		 * avoid a security snare for extension authors, error on substitution
+		 * for arguments containing these.
+		 */
+		const char *quoting_relevant_chars = "\"$'\\";
+
 		/* We use various functions that want to operate on text datums */
 		t_sql = CStringGetTextDatum(c_sql);
 
@@ -1025,6 +1035,11 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 											t_sql,
 											CStringGetTextDatum("@extowner@"),
 											CStringGetTextDatum(qUserName));
+			if (strpbrk(userName, quoting_relevant_chars))
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
+						 errmsg("invalid character in extension owner: must not contain any of \"%s\"",
+								quoting_relevant_chars)));
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -1036,6 +1051,7 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 		 */
 		if (!control->relocatable)
 		{
+			Datum		old = t_sql;
 			const char *qSchemaName = quote_identifier(schemaName);
 
 			t_sql = DirectFunctionCall3Coll(replace_text,
@@ -1043,6 +1059,11 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 											t_sql,
 											CStringGetTextDatum("@extschema@"),
 											CStringGetTextDatum(qSchemaName));
+			if (t_sql != old && strpbrk(schemaName, quoting_relevant_chars))
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
+						 errmsg("invalid character in extension \"%s\" schema: must not contain any of \"%s\"",
+								control->name, quoting_relevant_chars)));
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -1052,6 +1073,7 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 		Assert(list_length(control->requires) == list_length(requiredSchemas));
 		forboth(lc, control->requires, lc2, requiredSchemas)
 		{
+			Datum		old = t_sql;
 			char	   *reqextname = (char *) lfirst(lc);
 			Oid			reqschema = lfirst_oid(lc2);
 			char	   *schemaName = get_namespace_name(reqschema);
@@ -1064,6 +1086,11 @@ execute_extension_script(Oid extensionOid, ExtensionControlFile *control,
 											t_sql,
 											CStringGetTextDatum(repltoken),
 											CStringGetTextDatum(qSchemaName));
+			if (t_sql != old && strpbrk(schemaName, quoting_relevant_chars))
+				ereport(ERROR,
+						(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
+						 errmsg("invalid character in extension \"%s\" schema: must not contain any of \"%s\"",
+								reqextname, quoting_relevant_chars)));
 		}
 
 		/*

src/test/modules/test_extensions/Makefile

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ PGFILEDESC = "test_extensions - regression testing for EXTENSION support"
 EXTENSION = test_ext1 test_ext2 test_ext3 test_ext4 test_ext5 test_ext6 \
             test_ext7 test_ext8 test_ext_cine test_ext_cor \
             test_ext_cyclic1 test_ext_cyclic2 \
+            test_ext_extschema \
             test_ext_evttrig \
             test_ext_req_schema1 test_ext_req_schema2 test_ext_req_schema3
 
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ DATA = test_ext1--1.0.sql test_ext2--1.0.sql test_ext3--1.0.sql \
        test_ext_cine--1.0.sql test_ext_cine--1.0--1.1.sql \
        test_ext_cor--1.0.sql \
        test_ext_cyclic1--1.0.sql test_ext_cyclic2--1.0.sql \
+       test_ext_extschema--1.0.sql \
        test_ext_evttrig--1.0.sql test_ext_evttrig--1.0--2.0.sql \
        test_ext_req_schema1--1.0.sql \
        test_ext_req_schema2--1.0.sql \

src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+CREATE SCHEMA has$dollar;
 -- test some errors
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1;
 ERROR:  required extension "test_ext2" is not installed
@@ -6,35 +7,35 @@ CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext1;
 ERROR:  schema "test_ext1" does not exist
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext;
 ERROR:  schema "test_ext" does not exist
-CREATE SCHEMA test_ext;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA has$dollar;
-CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext;
 ERROR:  extension "test_ext1" must be installed in schema "test_ext1"
 -- finally success
-CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext CASCADE;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA has$dollar CASCADE;
 NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext2"
 NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext3"
 NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext5"
 NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext4"
 SELECT extname, nspname, extversion, extrelocatable FROM pg_extension e, pg_namespace n WHERE extname LIKE 'test_ext%' AND e.extnamespace = n.oid ORDER BY 1;
   extname  |  nspname   | extversion | extrelocatable 
------------+-----------+------------+----------------
+-----------+------------+------------+----------------
  test_ext1 | test_ext1  | 1.0        | f
- test_ext2 | test_ext  | 1.0        | t
+ test_ext2 | has$dollar | 1.0        | t
- test_ext3 | test_ext  | 1.0        | t
+ test_ext3 | has$dollar | 1.0        | t
- test_ext4 | test_ext  | 1.0        | t
+ test_ext4 | has$dollar | 1.0        | t
- test_ext5 | test_ext  | 1.0        | t
+ test_ext5 | has$dollar | 1.0        | t
 (5 rows)
 
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_cyclic1 CASCADE;
 NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext_cyclic2"
 ERROR:  cyclic dependency detected between extensions "test_ext_cyclic1" and "test_ext_cyclic2"
-DROP SCHEMA test_ext CASCADE;
+DROP SCHEMA has$dollar CASCADE;
 NOTICE:  drop cascades to 5 other objects
 DETAIL:  drop cascades to extension test_ext3
 drop cascades to extension test_ext5
 drop cascades to extension test_ext2
 drop cascades to extension test_ext4
 drop cascades to extension test_ext1
+CREATE SCHEMA has$dollar;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext6;
 DROP EXTENSION test_ext6;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext6;
@@ -312,6 +313,13 @@ Objects in extension "test_ext_cine"
  table ext_cine_tab3
 (9 rows)
 
+--
+-- Test @extschema@ syntax.
+--
+CREATE SCHEMA "has space";
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_extschema SCHEMA has$dollar;
+ERROR:  invalid character in extension "test_ext_extschema" schema: must not contain any of ""$'\"
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_extschema SCHEMA "has space";
 --
 -- Test extension with objects outside the extension's schema.
 --
@@ -358,6 +366,11 @@ DROP SCHEMA test_func_dep3;
 --
 -- Test @extschema:extname@ syntax and no_relocate option
 --
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1 SCHEMA has$dollar;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema3 CASCADE;
+NOTICE:  installing required extension "test_ext_req_schema2"
+ERROR:  invalid character in extension "test_ext_req_schema1" schema: must not contain any of ""$'\"
+DROP EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1;
 CREATE SCHEMA test_s_dep;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1 SCHEMA test_s_dep;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema3 CASCADE;

src/test/modules/test_extensions/meson.build

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ test_install_data += files(
   'test_ext_cyclic1.control',
   'test_ext_cyclic2--1.0.sql',
   'test_ext_cyclic2.control',
+  'test_ext_extschema--1.0.sql',
+  'test_ext_extschema.control',
   'test_ext_evttrig--1.0--2.0.sql',
   'test_ext_evttrig--1.0.sql',
   'test_ext_evttrig.control',

src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
+CREATE SCHEMA has$dollar;
+
 -- test some errors
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext1;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext;
-CREATE SCHEMA test_ext;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA has$dollar;
-CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext;
 
 -- finally success
-CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA test_ext CASCADE;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext1 SCHEMA has$dollar CASCADE;
 
 SELECT extname, nspname, extversion, extrelocatable FROM pg_extension e, pg_namespace n WHERE extname LIKE 'test_ext%' AND e.extnamespace = n.oid ORDER BY 1;
 
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_cyclic1 CASCADE;
 
-DROP SCHEMA test_ext CASCADE;
+DROP SCHEMA has$dollar CASCADE;
+CREATE SCHEMA has$dollar;
 
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext6;
 DROP EXTENSION test_ext6;
@@ -210,6 +212,13 @@ ALTER EXTENSION test_ext_cine UPDATE TO '1.1';
 
 \dx+ test_ext_cine
 
+--
+-- Test @extschema@ syntax.
+--
+CREATE SCHEMA "has space";
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_extschema SCHEMA has$dollar;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_extschema SCHEMA "has space";
+
 --
 -- Test extension with objects outside the extension's schema.
 --
@@ -245,6 +254,9 @@ DROP SCHEMA test_func_dep3;
 --
 -- Test @extschema:extname@ syntax and no_relocate option
 --
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1 SCHEMA has$dollar;
+CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema3 CASCADE;
+DROP EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1;
 CREATE SCHEMA test_s_dep;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema1 SCHEMA test_s_dep;
 CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_req_schema3 CASCADE;

src/test/modules/test_extensions/test_ext_extschema--1.0.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+/* src/test/modules/test_extensions/test_ext_extschema--1.0.sql */
+-- complain if script is sourced in psql, rather than via CREATE EXTENSION
+\echo Use "CREATE EXTENSION test_ext_extschema" to load this file. \quit
+
+SELECT 1 AS @extschema@;

src/test/modules/test_extensions/test_ext_extschema.control

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+comment = 'test @extschema@'
+default_version = '1.0'
+relocatable = false